在不确定性下,较大的婴儿的社会学习行为是由面部和语音处理的相互作用来调节的
Julia Dillmann1,2, Judith Evertz1, Anna Krasotkina3
1Department of Developmental Psychology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.
概括
较大的婴儿优先关注熟悉的长相和声音的成年人的目光. 这项研究表明,婴儿的社会学习受到种族和语言的影响,尤其是在不确定的情况下.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 婴儿社会认知婴儿社会认知
- 跨文化心理学 跨文化心理学
背景情况:
- 婴儿的社会学习是由面部种族和语言起源所塑造的.
- 在社会学习环境中同时呈现种族和语言线索的研究不足.
- 眼神跟踪是婴儿社会学习和注意力的关键指标.
研究的目的:
- 调查面部种族和语言起源如何影响婴儿在不确定的情况下的目光.
- 为了确定与年龄相关的敏感性差异对社会线索,如种族和语言.
- 了解种族和语言熟悉对婴儿社会学习的综合影响.
主要方法:
- 使用了经过修改的在线注视模式,与91名高加索婴儿 (520个月) 进行了观察.
- 改变了女演员的面部种族 (高加索人,亚洲人) 和语言 (德国人,法国人).
- 通过网络摄像头记录和编码婴儿的观看行为,以评估注视后的反应.
主要成果:
- 较年长的婴儿 (1120个月) 倾向于跟随同种族的成年人用母语说话的目光.
- 较年轻的婴儿 (58个月) 没有表现出这种偏差,表明发育变化.
- 在不确定的背景下,社会学习受到老年婴儿的种族和语言线索的综合影响.
结论:
- 较大的婴儿在社会学习时整合了面部种族和语言起源信息.
- 发育轨迹显示,随着年龄的增长,对社会线索的敏感性越来越高.
- 研究结果强调了对婴儿有效的社会学习和注意力的一致社会线索的重要性.
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