遗传和环境因素以及青少年心血管疾病风险
Marcel Ballin1,2, Martin Neovius3, Francisco B Ortega4,5,6
1Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.
JAMA network open
|November 17, 2023
概括
青少年高体重指数 (BMI) 是未来心血管疾病 (CVD) 的重要风险因素,即使考虑到共同的遗传和环境. 青少年的心肺呼吸能力可能比以前认为的对心血管疾病预防来说不那么重要.
科学领域:
- 心血管流行病学心血管流行病学
- 遗传学和公共卫生
背景情况:
- 青少年心血管风险因素与未来的心血管疾病 (CVD) 有关.
- 传统的研究可能会被家庭内共同的遗传和环境因素所混.
研究的目的:
- 研究兄弟姐妹之间共同的遗传和环境因素对青少年心血管风险因素和未来心血管疾病之间的关联的影响.
- 澄清青少年风险因素在心血管疾病发展中的独立作用.
主要方法:
- 瑞典全国的队列研究,比较全兄弟姐妹.
- 包括从1972年至1995年征兵的男性在内,一直持续到2016年.
- 分析身体质量指数 (BMI),心肺健康,血压,手握强度和综合风险评分.
主要成果:
- 所有青少年风险因素都与心血管疾病有关.
- 兄弟姐妹分析显示了不同程度的混:BMI (2.10) 和综合得分 (2.19) 显示出强烈的关联,而心肺健康 (0.77) 和手握强度 (0.90) 在控制共享因素后显示出较弱的关联.
- 在兄弟姐妹分析中,青春期的高BMI与60岁时7.2%更高的累积心血管疾病发病率有关.
结论:
- 高的青少年体重指数 (BMI) 是预防心血管疾病 (CVD) 的关键,独立的目标.
- 青少年心肺呼吸能力对心血管疾病的影响在传统的观察性研究中可能被高估了.
- 兄弟姐妹比较方法有助于解开对心血管疾病风险的遗传和环境影响.
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