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相关概念视频

Cytoskeletal Linker Proteins - Plakins01:09

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Plakins are large proteins with binding domains for microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and membrane-associated protein complexes at cell junctions. Plakin functions are evolutionarily conserved and are primarily involved in organizing the different components of the cytoskeleton by crosslinking them to each other and connecting them to the cell-matrix and cell adhesion complexes. They are also known to interact with signal transducers, serve as scaffolds for signaling...
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Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts01:57

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Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
The SCF ubiquitin ligase is a protein complex of five individual proteins. This complex attaches ubiquitin to other target proteins to mark them for degradation. In order...
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SNAREs and Membrane Fusion01:43

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Once a transport vesicle has recognized its target organelle, the vesicular membrane needs to fuse with the target membrane to unload the cargo. Transmembrane proteins called SNAREs present on organelle membranes and their vesicles, mediate vesicle fusion.
SNAREs exist in pairs that symmetrically interact and catalyze the fusion of the lipid bilayers in vesicle and target organelle. v-SNARE in the vesicle membrane are single polypeptide chains that bind to a complementary t-SNARE, composed of 2...
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Exon Recombination02:32

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The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
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RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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模块分离与突触特异性分子Kirrel3的进化有关

Dimitri Traenkner1, Omar Shennib1, Alyssa Johnson1

  • 1Department of Neurobiology, University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112.

eNeuro
|November 17, 2023
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

研究人员探索了Kirrel3基因变异在大脑发育中的作用. 他们在小鼠和人类中发现了多种不同的Kirrel3蛋白质形式,这表明它在大脑进化中的作用以及与神经发育障碍的潜在联系.

关键词:
这就是Kirrel3的意思.替代性拼接是一种替代性的拼接.细胞粘附 细胞粘附进化 演化 演化 演化 演化 演化 演化 演化突触突触是指突触中的突触.

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科学领域:

  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 遗传学 遗传学 是一个

背景情况:

  • 基瑞尔3是一种细胞粘附分子,在大脑发育过程中对突触形成至关重要.
  • 基雷尔3变种被认为是人类自闭症和智力障碍的风险因素.
  • 以前的研究预测了Kirrel3的替代拼接,但大脑特定的异型仍然没有表征.

研究的目的:

  • 为了全面描述哺乳动物大脑中的Kirrel3异型多样性.
  • 研究Kirrel3异型的生成机制和进化起源.
  • 建立一个分析低表达基因的异型多样性的管道.

主要方法:

  • 针对性,长时间读取鼠标海马的mRNA测序.
  • 来自人类脑组织的公开可用的长时间读取的mRNA数据库的分析.
  • 生物信息分析以识别和比较跨物种的Kirrel3异型.

主要成果:

  • 在小鼠大脑中确定了19种不同的Kirrel3异型,包括跨膜和分泌形式.
  • 在人类大脑组织中检测到11种Kirrel3异型,也具有跨膜和分泌变体.
  • 发现异构体的多样性是由替代的表子使用和替代的翻译停止信号产生的.
  • 在关键的进化分支点观察到交替拼接的外原体,其中一个外原体只存在于人类和类人猿中.

结论:

  • 在老鼠和人类大脑中,Kirrel3的功能通过替代拼接来微调.
  • 基瑞尔3异型的多样性表明它在大脑进化中的作用.
  • 已识别的管道有效地研究低表达基因的异型多样性.