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相关概念视频

Maxwell's Thermodynamic Relations01:23

Maxwell's Thermodynamic Relations

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Maxwell's thermodynamic relations are very useful in solving problems in thermodynamics. Each of Maxwell's relations relates a partial differential between quantities that can be hard to measure experimentally to a partial differential between quantities that can be easily measured. These relations are a set of equations derivable from the symmetry of the second derivatives and the thermodynamic potentials.
All thermodynamic potentials are exact differentials. Therefore, their second-order...
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Path Between Thermodynamics States01:21

Path Between Thermodynamics States

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Consider the two thermodynamic processes involving an ideal gas that are represented by paths AC and ABC in Figure 1:
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Thermodynamic Potentials01:26

Thermodynamic Potentials

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Thermodynamic potentials are state functions that are extremely useful in analyzing a thermodynamic system. They have dimensions of energy. The four important thermodynamic potentials are internal energy, enthalpy, Helmholtz free energy, and Gibbs free energy. These thermodynamic potentials can be expressed using two of the following variables: pressure, volume, temperature, and entropy. These two variables are expressed as the rate of change of the thermodynamic potential with respect to other...
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Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics01:14

Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

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Experimentally, if object A is in equilibrium with object B, and object B is in equilibrium with object C, then object A is in equilibrium with object C. That statement of transitivity is called the "zeroth law of thermodynamics." For example, a cold metal block and a hot metal block are both placed on a metal plate at room temperature. Eventually, the cold block and the plate will be in thermal equilibrium. In addition, the hot block and the plate will be in thermal equilibrium.
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Thermodynamic Systems01:06

Thermodynamic Systems

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A thermodynamic system is a set of objects whose thermodynamic properties are of interest. The system is considered to be embedded in its surroundings or the environment. The system and its environment can exchange heat and do work on each other through a boundary that separates them. However, the immediate surroundings of the system interact with it directly and therefore have a much stronger influence on its behavior and properties.
Consider an example of  tea boiling in a kettle. The...
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Heat and Free Expansion01:24

Heat and Free Expansion

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The work done by a thermodynamic system depends not only on the initial and final states but also on the intermediate states—that is, on the path. Like work, when heat is added to a thermodynamic system, it undergoes a change of state, and the state attained depends on the path from the initial state to the final state. Consider an ideal gas cylinder fitted with a piston. When the cylinder is heated at a constant temperature, the gas molecules absorb energy and expand slowly in a...
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Updated: Jul 10, 2025

Experimental Methodology for Estimation of Local Heat Fluxes and Burning Rates in Steady Laminar Boundary Layer Diffusion Flames
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Experimental Methodology for Estimation of Local Heat Fluxes and Burning Rates in Steady Laminar Boundary Layer Diffusion Flames

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热力学变化关系的变化关系.

Domingos S P Salazar1

  • 1Unidade de Educação a Distância e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 52171-900 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.

Physical review. E
|November 18, 2023
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

我们为远离平衡的系统中的一般可观测值引入了热力学变化关系 (TVR). 这一新框架统一并扩展了热力学不确定性关系 (TUR) 以用于统计物理学中的更广泛应用.

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Characterization of Thermal Transport in One-dimensional Solid Materials
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科学领域:

  • 统计物理学的统计物理.
  • 非平衡的热力学.
  • 信息理论是信息理论.

背景情况:

  • 热力学不确定性关系 (TUR) 将可观测的统计数据与非平衡系统中的产量联系起来.
  • 现有的 TUR 导数通常需要对可观测值的特定约束,从而限制其一般适用性.
  • 波动系统中的一般可观测值对于理解复杂动态至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 开发一种通用的热力学关系,适用于任何在非平衡系统中可观测的.
  • 建立一个可观测的统计和产生的变化框架.
  • 推导出一个通用的热力学不确定性关系 (TUR),并将其扩展到更高阶的统计学.

主要方法:

  • 利用f-分歧的变量表示来建立一般可观测量和产生之间的联系.
  • 开发了热力学变化关系 (TVR) 作为统一的理论框架.
  • 从TVR中推导出一个通用的TUR,消除了以前的平价约束.

主要成果:

  • 建立了一个新的热力学变化关系 (TVR),用于远离平衡的系统中任意的可观测值.
  • 推导出一种普遍的热力学不确定性关系 (TUR),适用于超越不对称电流.
  • 获得了对可观测的更高阶统计的新关系,提高了对非平衡波动的理解.

结论:

  • 拟议的TVR为分析非平衡系统提供了一个强大而通用的工具.
  • 这项工作克服了以前的TUR配方的局限性,使得应用范围更广.
  • 这些发现为信息,热力学和复杂系统的波动之间的基本联系提供了新的见解.