基于深度学习的附属瘤组织学分类
Philipp Jansen1, Jean Le'Clerc Arrastia2, Daniel Otero Baguer2
1Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany.
概括
人工智能 (AI) 可以准确地检测和区分14种类型的皮肤副瘤,甚至是罕见的. 这种深度学习方法有望帮助病理学家诊断这些具有挑战性的皮肤疾病.
科学领域:
- 皮肤病理学 皮肤病理学
- 计算病理学计算病理学
- 医疗人工智能 医疗人工智能
背景情况:
- 皮肤附带瘤起源于头发附带,从良性到危及生命的恶性形式.
- 准确的诊断对于有效的患者治疗和结果至关重要.
- 人工智能 (AI),特别是深度神经网络,在医学诊断方面显示出巨大的潜力,包括常见皮肤瘤的病理学.
研究的目的:
- 评估AI能够准确识别和区分多种多样的皮肤副瘤的能力.
- 评估AI在不太常见的瘤实体上的表现,扩大其诊断实用性超出频繁的皮肤新生瘤.
主要方法:
- 来自德国五个病理学中心的多样化的皮肤瘤瘤组.
- 一个深度神经网络算法使用来自四个中心的样本进行训练,并根据来自第五个独立中心的数据进行验证.
主要成果:
- 人工智能模型成功地区分了14种不同的皮肤附带瘤类型和常见的皮肤瘤,如基底细胞癌和斑块性角质瘤.
- 该算法在将248个样本分为16个诊断类别时实现了89.92%的总准确性.
- 人工智能在区分罕见的瘤实体方面表现出熟练,即使在受过有限病例数 (<50) 的训练时也是如此.
结论:
- 这项研究强调了人工智能作为帮助病理学家在常规皮肤病理学诊断中的工具的巨大潜力.
- 人工智能可以可靠地区分各种皮肤副瘤,包括罕见的实体.
- 虽然人工智能看起来有前途,但最终的诊断责任仍由人类病理学家承担.
相关概念视频
Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Overview
Epithelial tissues are classified according to the shape of the cells and the number of cell layers formed. Cell shapes can be squamous (flattened and thin), cuboidal (square-like, as wide as it is tall), or columnar (rectangular, taller than it is wide). Additionally, the nucleus shape helps identify the type of epithelial cells. Squamous cells have flattened disc-shaped nuclei, cuboidal cells have spherical nuclei, and columnar cells have elongated nuclei.
Based on the number of cell layers,...
Based on the number of cell layers,...
Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Stratified Epithelium
Stratified epithelium consists of several stacked layers of cells. They provide the durability to withstand constant physical and chemical attacks. Stratified epithelium is named after the shape of the most apical layer of cells. Stratified squamous epithelium is the most common type found in the human body. In this tissue, the apical cells are squamous, whereas the basal layer contains either columnar or cuboidal cells. The basal cells divide to form new daughter cells, which gradually become...
Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Glandular Epithelium
The glandular epithelium is made of one or more epithelial cells modified to synthesize and secrete chemical substances. Glandular epithelia can be classified based on cell number. Unicellular glands have individual secretory cells scattered across the epithelial monolayer. In contrast, multicellular glands consist of a hollow tubular duct attached to the cluster of secretory cells located in the deep pockets.
Multicellular glands are formed during early development when epithelial budding...
Multicellular glands are formed during early development when epithelial budding...


