相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 10, 2025

Evaluating Dryocosmus Kuriphilus-induced Damage on Castanea Sativa

Evaluating Dryocosmus Kuriphilus-induced Damage on Castanea Sativa

Published on: August 30, 2018

越来越多的芽虫脱叶增加了针叶树林的流域排放量

H K Sidhu¹, K A Kidd², E J S Emilson³

¹School of Earth, Environment, and Society, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

The Science of the total environment

|November 19, 2023

概括

森林昆虫的爆发显著增加了河流排放和排水在针叶树林通过减少水储量. 这些对流域水文学的影响凸显了综合森林管理和昆虫爆发控制战略的必要性.

科学领域:

林业林业林业林业林业
水文学的水文学
生态生态学生态生态学

背景情况:

昆虫爆发,比如芽虫 (Choristoneura fumiferana) 引起的昆虫爆发,通过脱叶和树木死亡,显著影响森林树冠.
森林结构的这些变化改变了水的储存和流动动态,影响了流域的下水和溪流排放模式.
虽然对宽叶森林的影响已被理解,但在以针叶树为主导的北部森林生态系统中,关于这些影响的知识缺口存在.

研究的目的:

量化芽虫累积脱叶对针叶树占主导地位的水域中溪流排放和下水的影响.
为了在三年内比较昆虫爆发抑制和未经处理的流域之间的水文反应.
研究北方森林中脱叶强度与水文变化的关系.

主要方法:

从2019年到2021年,在加拿大北克东部利用了12个实验区 (6.33-9.85平方公里).
在六个水域实施了Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (BtK) 杀虫剂的空中应用,以减轻杉虫的爆发,其中六个作为未经处理的对照.
建立了阶段-排放关系,以测量流体体积排放,排水和排水比率在脱叶梯度.

主要成果:

在累积脱叶强度和流体体积排放 (r=0.71,p<0.01),排水 (r=0.55,p<0.01) 和排水比率 (r=0.67,p<0.01) 之间观察到强烈的正相关性.
这些水文变化归因于流域内的可用水储量减少,导致流量增加.
与秋季相比,夏季对脱叶的水文反应更为明显,这可能是由于新春后可用的储水量较低.

结论:

森林昆虫的脱叶严重影响了针叶树占主导地位的森林的流域水文,反映了在其他景观干扰中看到的效应.
由于昆虫爆发而减少的森林树冠覆盖,通过降低水储容量,增加了下水和溪流排放.
这些发现强调了在森林管理和害虫控制战略中考虑昆虫爆发对水文学的影响的重要性.

关键词:

突杆菌 (BtK) 突杆菌 (BtK) 突杆菌 (BtK) 突杆菌 (BtK) 突杆菌 (BtK) 突杆菌 (BtK) 突杆菌 (BtK) 突杆菌玻里亚混合森林玻里亚混合森林捕捞区水文学捕捞区水文学脱叶脱落脱落脱落脱落脱落昆虫昆虫是一种昆虫.杉芽虫是一种芽虫.

更多相关视频

A Method for Quantifying Foliage-Dwelling Arthropods

A Method for Quantifying Foliage-Dwelling Arthropods

Published on: October 20, 2019

Laboratory and Field Protocol for Estimating Sheet Erosion Rates from Dendrogeomorphology

Laboratory and Field Protocol for Estimating Sheet Erosion Rates from Dendrogeomorphology

Published on: January 7, 2019

相关概念视频

Threats to Biodiversity

Threats to Biodiversity

There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...

Ecological Disturbance

Ecological Disturbance

An ecological disturbance is a temporary disruption in the environment resulting from abiotic, biotic, or anthropogenic factors, causing a pronounced change in an ecosystem. The impact of an ecological disturbance, which can depend on its intensity, frequency, and spatial distribution, plays a significant role in shaping the species diversity within the ecosystem.

Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss

Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss

Though evaporation from plant leaves drives transpiration, it also results in loss of water. Because water is critical for photosynthetic reactions and other cellular processes, evolutionary pressures on plants in different environments have driven the acquisition of adaptations that reduce water loss.

Responses to Drought and Flooding

Responses to Drought and Flooding

Water plays a significant role in the life cycle of plants. However, insufficient or excess of water can be detrimental and pose a serious threat to plants.

Softwoods and Hardwoods

Softwoods and Hardwoods

Softwoods and hardwoods, derived from different types of trees, are distinguished by their leaf structures and cellular compositions, each serving unique purposes in construction and manufacturing. Softwoods come from cone-bearing trees with needle-like leaves and are predominantly composed of longitudinal cells called tracheids and a smaller proportion of radial cells known as rays. Due to their cellular structure, softwoods are commonly used in construction for structural frames, sheathing,...