处理速度缺陷及其与注意力缺陷/多动障碍儿童数学流性的关系
1Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
Journal of attention disorders
|November 20, 2023
概括
患有注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 的儿童表现出一般处理速度 (PS) 缺陷. 这种缺陷,特别是在认知PS中,通过工作记忆 (WM) 直接和间接地影响数学流性 (MF).
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 与各种认知障碍有关.
- 处理速度 (PS) 和工作内存 (WM) 对于学业表现至关重要,特别是在数学方面.
- 了解ADHD的特定认知缺陷对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在被诊断患有多动症的儿童中量化处理速度 (PS) 缺陷.
- 检查PS缺陷作为ADHD日常功能障碍的主要原因的作用.
- 通过工作记忆 (WM) 调查PS在数学流 (MF) 上的直接和间接途径.
主要方法:
- 招募了78名儿童的队列,包括52名ADHD患者和26名对照儿童.
- 参与者进行了运动,感知,认知和口头处理速度 (PS) 的评估.
- 在所有参与者中,工作记忆 (WM) 和数学流性 (MF) 也被评估.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,患有ADHD的儿童在所有测量PS领域的表现显著下降,这表明总体PS赤字.
- 认知PS已成为数学流 (MF) 的重要预测因素.
- 调解分析显示,认知PS通过WM直接和间接地影响了MF,这表明PS是MF困难的潜在主要驱动因素.
结论:
- 这项研究证实了ADHD儿童普遍存在的处理速度 (PS) 缺陷.
- 鉴于PS对数学流度 (MF) 的重大影响,针对MF困难的儿童的干预措施应纳入PS评估和培训.
- 解决PS缺陷可能是改善ADHD儿童学业成绩的关键策略.
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