中国辅导学员的特征和状态正念和客户症状结果:使用多层次和随机截取交叉滞后面板模型进行纵向检查
Xu Li1, Jalen J Carney1, Feihan Li2
1Department of Educational Psychology, School of Education, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee.
Psychotherapy (Chicago, Ill.)
|November 20, 2023
概括
中国辅导学员的状态正念,而不是特征正念,显著减少了客户的痛苦,会议到会议. 这凸显了当下正念对于治疗成功和患者症状改善的重要性.
科学领域:
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 咨询心理学 心理咨询心理学
- 正念研究研究 正念研究
背景情况:
- 正念越来越多地被认为具有治疗效益.
- 了解特征与状态正念在治疗中的特定作用对于有效的临床培训至关重要.
- 以前的研究并没有清楚地区分特征和状态正念对客户咨询结果的影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查中国辅导学员的特征和状态正念与客户的症状水平之间的预测关系.
- 为了检查训练员的正念是否会影响治疗过程中客户的症状减轻.
- 要区分处置性 (特征) 正念与瞬间 (状态) 正念对治疗结果的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自中国的1,216名客户和211名士级学员的6,888次治疗会的数据集.
- 在实习开始时测量学员的特征正念,并在每个课程开始时测量状态正念和客户评级的症状困扰.
- 采用多级建模和随机截取交叉滞后面板模型来分析会话对会话的影响.
主要成果:
- 训练员特征正念并没有预测整个实践中平均客户症状的改善.
- 在会话之前更高的实习者状态正念预测了随后的会话中客户的痛苦程度较低.
- 客户端的痛苦没有预测随后的实习者状态的正念,这表明从实习者正念到客户端的痛苦的单向效应.
结论:
- 会议到会议状态正念,而不是一般的特征正念,暂时导致更大的客户端症状减少.
- 临床培训应强调在治疗期间培养和应用状态正念.
- 这些发现对提高辅导培训计划的有效性有重大影响.
相关概念视频
01:26Modeling in Therapy
89
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
89
02:20Longitudinal Research
12.0K
Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
12.0K
01:26Longitudinal Studies
169
Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
169
01:17Traits and States
246
Personality traits represent consistent patterns in behavior, thoughts, and emotions, reflecting an individual's tendencies across various situations. For example, extraversion, a well-known trait, manifests in individuals as talkative, energetic, and enthusiastic behaviors. These traits are stable over time, offering a reliable framework for predicting how people might act in different contexts. However, they do not define every moment of an individual's life. In contrast to traits,...
246
02:40The Scientific Method
59.5K
Research is what makes the difference between facts and opinions. Facts are observable realities, and opinions are personal judgments, conclusions, or attitudes that may or may not be accurate. In the scientific community, facts can be established only using evidence collected through empirical research.
59.5K
01:22Traits, Mood, and Subjective Wellbeing
79
Subjective well-being (SWB) refers to an individual's self-evaluation of their overall life satisfaction, happiness, and fulfillment. This multifaceted construct is typically assessed by analyzing the balance of positive and negative emotions alongside perceptions of life satisfaction. Personality traits such as neuroticism and extraversion are strongly associated with variations in SWB, offering critical insights into the underlying mechanisms of emotional well-being.
Neuroticism and...
Neuroticism and...
79