复制病毒基因组诱导细胞应激反应,干扰病毒蛋白质表达,而不影响抗病毒免疫力
Lavinia J González Aparicio1, Yanling Yang1, Matthew Hackbart1
1Department of Molecular Microbiology and Center for Women Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America.
PLoS biology
|November 20, 2023
概括
回复病毒基因组 (cbVGs) 通过PKR触发压力颗粒 (SG) 形成和翻译抑制,减少病毒蛋白表达,独立于病毒感染期间的MAVS信号. 这种细胞应激反应对于全球抗病毒免疫是不可或缺的.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 抗病毒反应通常涉及翻译抑制和压力颗粒 (SG) 形成.
- 复制病毒基因组 (cbVGs) 是通过MAVS途径在仙台病毒 (SeV) 和呼吸道同胞病毒 (RSV) 感染期间诱导抗病毒免疫的关键诱因.
- cbVGs与细胞应激反应 (如SG形成) 之间的联系尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查cbVGs在诱导病毒感染期间的压力颗粒 (SG) 和翻译抑制中的作用.
- 确定cbVGs触发这些细胞反应的机制.
- 评估SG形成和翻译抑制对整体抗病毒免疫力的影响.
主要方法:
- RNA光 in situ杂交以区分标准病毒基因组与cbVGs在单细胞水平.
- 蛋白激酶R (PKR) 激活和MAVS信号的分析.
- 活细胞成像观察SG动态和病毒蛋白质表达.
- 活性蛋白转化单细胞分析.
主要成果:
- 压力颗粒 (SGs) 形成的特别是在细胞积累高水平的复制病毒基因组 (cbVGs).
- cbVGs通过蛋白激酶R (PKR) 激活诱导SG形成和翻译抑制,独立于MAVS信号.
- SG形成和翻译抑制减少病毒蛋白表达,但不影响干扰素刺激的基因表达,表明它们对于全球抗病毒免疫是不可或缺的.
结论:
- 回复病毒基因组 (cbVGs) 诱导PKR介导的细胞应激反应,包括SG形成和翻译抑制.
- 这种由cbVG驱动的机制可以减少病毒蛋白的产生,而不会影响宿主的整体抗病毒免疫力.
- 这项研究揭示了一种由cbVGs和细胞应激通路调解的新型病毒干扰策略.
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