常见的肠道寄生虫常见的肠道寄生虫
Natasha Pyzocha1, Amanda Cuda1
1Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland.
American family physician
|November 20, 2023
概括
肠道寄生虫在全球范围内引起重大疾病. 对Giardia,Cryptosporidium,Cyclospora,Trichinella和pinworm感染的诊断和治疗有所不同,症状通常与腹有关.
科学领域:
- 医学寄生虫学 医学寄生虫学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 肠道寄生虫是全球主要的健康问题,导致各种急性和慢性症状.
- 在美国,巨病,密菌病,环菌病和三菌病在全国范围内是可通报的,而针虫是常见的,但在当地没有可通报的.
- 感染主要通过便-口腔途径传播,并且可能不成比例地影响儿童,老年人和免疫力低下的人.
研究的目的:
- 审查美国常见肠道寄生虫的诊断和治疗.
- 突出特定寄生虫感染的关键诊断方法和治疗选择.
- 强调在长期腹的情况下怀疑寄生虫感染的重要性.
主要方法:
- 检查诊断技术,包括便显微镜,直接光抗体测试,免疫光,聚合酶链反应 (PCR) 测试和血清抗体测试.
- 推的治疗方法摘要,如美特罗尼达,尼塔佐克桑胺,蒂尼达,硫甲醇/trimethoprim,阿尔本达和皮兰特尔 pamoate.
- 对Giardia,Cryptosporidium,Cyclospora,Trichinella和pinworm的临床表现和传播途径的讨论.
主要成果:
- 病是通过显微镜/DFA诊断的,用美特罗尼达,尼塔佐克桑化物或丁达治疗.
- 通过显微镜/免疫光检测诊断的Cryptosporidium,通常是自我解决的,用于治疗持久症状的尼塔佐化物.
- 通过显微镜/PCR诊断的环状虫,用硫索/trimethoprim治疗;通过抗体检测诊断的三虫,在严重病例中用阿尔本达治疗;通过视觉/磁带检测诊断的松鼠虫,用阿尔本达或皮兰特尔帕莫酸盐治疗.
结论:
- 对于常见的肠道寄生虫,存在有效的诊断和治疗策略.
- 及时诊断和适当的治疗对于控制寄生虫感染和预防并发症至关重要.
- 关于寄生虫感染的公共卫生意识,特别是在脆弱人群中,仍然很重要.
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