相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 10, 2025

Antibody Uptake Assay for Tracking Notch/Delta Endocytosis During the Asymmetric Division of Zebrafish Radial Glia Progenitors

Antibody Uptake Assay for Tracking Notch/Delta Endocytosis During the Asymmetric Division of Zebrafish Radial Glia Progenitors

Published on: January 20, 2023

在脊椎动物胚胎中早期的背部信号需要内分泌体膜贩运

Yagmur Azbazdar¹, Edward M De Robertis¹

¹Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.

BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology

|November 20, 2023

概括

在青胚胎中,受精建立了背腔腹腔不对称. 一种新型蛋白质Huluwa在背侧稳定β-catenin,涉及膜贩运和溶酶体活动.

科学领域:

发展生物学发展生物学
细胞生物学细胞生物学
分子生物学分子生物学

背景情况:

受精启动了细胞质运动,这对胚胎发育至关重要.
β-catenin稳定是建立胚胎极性的关键事件.
Wnt信号通路在胚胎发育和细胞命运决定中起着至关重要的作用.

研究的目的:

调查新型Huluwa (Hwa) 蛋白在早期Xenopus胚胎生成期间β-catenin稳定中的作用.
阐明背心腹部不对称的建立背心腹部不对称的基础机制.
确定膜贩运和 lysosomal 活动在早期胚胎极性中的参与.

主要方法:

对Huluwa (Hwa) 跨膜蛋白的鉴定和表征.
在Xenopus胚胎中对β-catenin局部化和稳定性的分析.
用特定发育阶段的膜贩运和溶酶体抑制剂进行治疗.
微观分析多胞体 (MVBs) 和背部胚芽细胞中的相关囊泡.

主要成果:

胡鲁瓦 (Hwa) 蛋白在背部侧特异地翻译,作为β-catenin稳定的细胞质决定因素.
在MVB中,Axin1和糖原合成酶激酶3 (GSK3) 的巨细胞和封存对于Wnt信号传输至关重要.
抑制膜贩运或溶酶体阻断GSK3抑制剂和Hwa mRNA的Wnt类活性.
lysosomal cathepsin 激活和形成带有电子密度囊泡的 MVB,发生在背部芽细胞体中.

结论:

膜贩运和溶酶体活动对于脊椎动物最早的胚胎不对称性至关重要.
胡鲁瓦 (Hwa) 蛋白质是beta-catenin稳定和背轴形成的关键调节者.
溶酶体通路是建立胚胎极性和Wnt信号的组成部分.

关键词:

在英国,GBP是GBP.胡鲁瓦瓦 (Huluwa) 是一个古老的城市.斯佩曼组织者组织者细胞质体的决定因素一个灰色的新月.lysosomes 溶解体溶解体是一种溶解体.巨型皮诺细胞瘤的发生

更多相关视频

Visualizing Cytoskeleton-Dependent Trafficking of Lipid-Containing Organelles in Drosophila Embryos

Visualizing Cytoskeleton-Dependent Trafficking of Lipid-Containing Organelles in Drosophila Embryos

Published on: December 13, 2021

Confocal and Super-Resolution Imaging of Polarized Intracellular Trafficking and Secretion of Basement Membrane Proteins During Drosophila Oogenesis

Confocal and Super-Resolution Imaging of Polarized Intracellular Trafficking and Secretion of Basement Membrane Proteins During Drosophila Oogenesis

Published on: May 19, 2022

相关概念视频

Maturation of Endosomes

Maturation of Endosomes

The early endosome containing internalized molecules matures through transformations in its location, morphology, intraluminal pH, and membrane protein composition. Together, these changes result in a more acidic late endosome that contains multiple intraluminal vesicles; therefore, the late endosome is also called a multivesicular body (MVB).
Changes in location
The maturing endosome moves along microtubules from the periphery of the cell towards the perinuclear region. This movement of the...

The Early Endosome: Endocytosis of Transferrin

The Early Endosome: Endocytosis of Transferrin

Essential proteins such as insulin or low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and micronutrients such as iron enter a eukaryotic cell through receptor-mediated endocytosis. Subsequently, the early endosomes fuse with the vesicles containing such receptor-ligand complexes and play a vital role in sorting the incoming ligands and receptors. While the ligands are either degraded inside the vesicle or released into the cytosol, their receptors are returned to the plasma membrane for further rounds of...

Insertion of Single-pass Transmembrane Proteins in the RER

Insertion of Single-pass Transmembrane Proteins in the RER

Integral membrane proteins are proteins adhered to the lipid bilayer of a cell organelle or membrane. They can be of two types: transmembrane integral proteins that span the lipid bilayer and monotopic proteins that are attached to either side of the membrane but do not pass through it.
Integral transmembrane proteins possess transmembrane and extra membrane domains. The transmembrane domains are primarily made of 20-25 hydrophobic amino acids arranged in a helical secondary confirmation. These...

ER Retrieval Pathway

ER Retrieval Pathway

In the secretory pathway, vesicles transport proteins from one cellular compartment to another in forward transport to deliver the protein to its correct location. Occasionally, misfolded proteins and incorrect proteins escape their original compartments, and a retrieval pathway is used to return the escaped proteins to their original compartment.
The ER uses many checkpoints to prevent the entry of incorrectly folded or a resident protein as cargo onto a transport vesicle. These mechanisms...

Clathrin Coated Vesicles

Clathrin Coated Vesicles

Clathrin-coated vesicles use endocytosis to transport receptors and lysosomal hydrolases from the Golgi to the lysosome in the late secretory pathway. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was the first described endocytic process, and Clathrin-coated vesicles remain one of the most well-studied transport vesicles. The molecular machinery that generates clathrin-coated vesicles comprises over 50 proteins that precisely coordinate vesicle formation. Cell surface receptors concentrated in indented sites...

Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies

Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies

Intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) are small vesicles 50-80 nm in diameter formed during the maturation of early endosomes. A specialized endosome containing numerous ILVs is called a multivesicular body (MVB). ILVs contain internalized molecules such as antigens, nucleic acids, proteins, and metabolites. Some of these molecules are released from the MVBs inside exosomes and are transported to other cells. Other MVBs contain molecules that are retained in the ILVs and are later degraded within the...