健康大脑中的认知和运动冲动性,以及饮食障碍和肥胖症的影响:基于坐标的元分析和系统审查
Giulia Mattavelli1, Irene Gorrino2, Diana Tornaghi2
1IUSS Cognitive Neuroscience (ICoN) Center, Scuola Universitaria Superiore IUSS, Pavia, Italy; Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory of Pavia Institute, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy.
概括
冲动性对决策与行动抑制有着不同的大脑模式. 神经成像揭示了认知冲动性 (延迟折扣) 和运动冲动性 (去/不去任务) 在肥胖和饮食障碍中的特定神经相关性.
科学领域:
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 肥胖和饮食障碍 (ED) 与改变的冲动控制和大脑功能有关.
- 前侧-双侧网络与冲动行为有关,中侧边缘区域参与评估和预测.
- 不同类型的冲动性的特定神经相关性仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 用fMRI研究的元分析来区分认知和运动冲动性的神经相关物.
- 为了研究参与延迟折扣 (DD) 和去/不去 (GNG) 任务的大脑区域.
- 对患有肥胖或ED的个体进行的神经成像研究进行审查.
主要方法:
- 激活概率估计 (ALE) 对DD和GNG任务的fMRI研究的元分析.
- 结合和减去分析以比较神经激活.
- 在临床群体 (肥胖/EDs) 中的神经成像研究的系统审查.
主要成果:
- 在DD任务中的冲动选择始终激活了条纹体,带状皮质,中间/左上额头,和左上边.
- GNG任务主要引起了右侧面的正面-平行激活.
- 在尾状核中常见的激活;在腹状条纹体,环状皮质,左上边缘/中侧额头环中DD特异性的激活;在右下皮质中GNG特异性的激活.
结论:
- 存在不同的神经基质,用于运动 (右下侧顶叶用于行动抑制) 和认知 (前额状区域,左上边缘回环用于决策) 冲动性.
- 改变的前-上功能可能是肥胖和ED的冲动性的基础,尽管需要更多的研究.
- 这些发现完善了冲动性的神经认知模型,并表明了对ED和肥胖的潜在治疗影响.
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