遵守美国政府的营养建议和同时使用护士健康研究数据的肥胖趋势,1980-2011年
Evan K Cohen1, Dennis Bier2, Matthew Martinez3
1The Brattle Group, Boston, MA, U.S..
The Journal of nutrition
|November 20, 2023
概括
政府的饮食建议限制脂肪摄入量并没有显著降低女性护士的肥胖率. 尽管被广泛采用,但在过去三十年中,遵守法规对身体质量指数 (BMI) 增加的影响很小.
科学领域:
- 营养流行病学 营养流行病学
- 公共卫生 营养 公共卫生 营养
- 肥胖问题研究研究
背景情况:
- 自1977年以来发布的美国饮食指南旨在制肥胖.
- 护士健康研究 (NHS) I和II收集了来自女性护士的饮食和BMI数据.
研究的目的:
- 评估遵守美国政府关于限制总脂肪,和脂肪和胆固醇摄入量的建议是否与肥胖患病率相关.
- 分析饮食脂肪合规性与身体质量指数 (BMI) 趋势之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 从NHS I和II参与者的营养调查数据 (1980-2011) 的分析.
- 根据脂肪,和脂肪和胆固醇摄入指南,将参与者分为"合规者"和"不合规者".
- 组间平均值,中位数和BMI分布的比较,包括年龄控制的子集.
主要成果:
- 在研究期间,合规者和不合规者都经历了平均和中位数BMI的增加.
- 两组的BMI分布都转向更高的类别 (肥胖和严重肥胖).
- 从脂肪摄入中获得的能量比例与同时的BMI之间没有线性关联.
结论:
- 护士广泛采用美国的饮食指南来限制脂肪,和脂肪和胆固醇,但并没有有效地缓解全人口BMI的增加.
- 遵守这些特定的饮食建议对预防研究队列中肥胖趋势的影响很小,甚至没有影响.
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