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采矿和城市化影响了河流的化学水质和蒙古塞伦加河流域上部的大无脊椎动物群落

Dashdondog Narangarvuu¹, Tuuguu Enkhdul², Erdenesukh Erdenetsetseg^1,3

¹Division of Ecology, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.

Environmental monitoring and assessment

|November 20, 2023

概括

水生无脊椎动物有效地表明蒙古塞伦加河流域的水质变化,受到采矿和城市化的影响. 随着污染的增加,它们的多样性下降,凸显了它们对生物监测的价值.

科学领域:

环境科学环境科学
生态生态学生态生态学
水文学水文学

背景情况:

蒙古的经济集中在塞伦加河流域,面临水质挑战从采矿,城市化和农业.
以前的水质评估仅依赖于化学测量,缺乏生物影响数据.

研究的目的:

将淡水生物监测与实验室水质数据相结合,以评估污染影响.
评估水中无脊椎动物作为蒙古水质的生物指标.
确定影响宏无脊椎动物群落的关键环境因素.

主要方法:

在Tul,Kharaa和Orkhon河及其支流的36个地点进行生物监测并收集水样和环境参数.
使用主要成分分析 (PCA) 来分类污染物组.
雇员冗余分析 (RDA) 用于确定结构化宏观无脊椎动物群落的因素.

主要成果:

确定了三个主要的污染物组:营养物质,盐水成分/采矿副产品和重金属,其中金属经常超过标准.
记录了59种宏无脊椎动物种群,观察到与污染影响增加相关的物种多样性下降.
发现高度,总,溶解氧气,电导率和水化学显著结构化了宏观无脊椎动物群落.

结论:

宏观无脊椎动物群体是蒙古监测水质的合适且具有成本效益的工具.
建议政府建立一个长期的水质监测计划.

关键词:

生物指标生物指标生物指数是生物指数.埃菲米龙 - 普莱科普特拉 - 三鸟 (EPT) 综合体金属污染污染金属污染蒙古蒙古蒙古蒙古蒙古

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