外围视觉对注意力学习的贡献
Chen Chen1, Vanessa G Lee2,3
1Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA. chen5954@umn.edu.
Attention, perception & psychophysics
|November 20, 2023
概括
周围视觉在视觉搜索过程中增强隐性位置概率学习 (LPL). 对目标位置的明确学习只能通过中央视觉发生,但隐式学习需要外围输入.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 视觉感知 视觉感知 视觉感知
背景情况:
- 注意力往往偏向于目标经常出现的位置,这种现象被称为位置概率学习 (LPL).
- 周围视觉,包括一个广泛的视野,在处理视觉信息中发挥作用,但其对注意力学习的具体贡献仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 在视觉搜索过程中调查外围视觉在位置概率学习 (LPL) 中的作用.
- 确定外周视觉是否对于隐性LPL是必要的,以及它如何与显式意识相互作用.
主要方法:
- 凝视依赖的眼睛跟踪被用来模拟寻找目标的参与者的外周视力损失 (道视力).
- 参与者在"L"中搜索"T",其中"T"在一个象限中出现的次数不成比例.
- 实验比较了在完整视觉下与道视觉下获得LPL,有或没有明确意识到目标位置的概率.
主要成果:
- 经过道视觉训练的参与者只有当他们明确意识到目标的位置概率时才获得LPL.
- 没有意识到这种可能性的参与者在道视觉下,在高概率的位置上没有显示更快的搜索时间.
- 接受完整视力训练的参与者获得了LPL,无论他们是否意识到目标位置的概率.
结论:
- 显式位置概率学习 (LPL) 可以仅使用中央视觉.
- 隐性LPL是通过外周视力显著加强或启用的.
- 周围视觉可能支持一种非选择性途径,有助于视觉搜索,与指导搜索理论保持一致.
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