对人工智能工具的态度背后的心理因素
Julian De Freitas1, Stuti Agarwal2, Bernd Schmitt3
1Marketing Unit, Harvard Business School, Boston, MA, USA. jdefreitas@hbs.edu.
Nature human behaviour
|November 21, 2023
概括
了解人工智能 (AI) 采用的心理障碍是关键. 解决人工智能系统中不透明和无情等因素可以帮助克服用户对有益的人工智能工具的抵抗.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 人与计算机的交互
- 人工智能伦理学 人工智能伦理学
背景情况:
- 越来越多的人工智能 (AI) 工具在各个部门的整合需要了解用户接受.
- 对人工智能采用的阻力构成了重大挑战,阻碍了有益技术的部署.
- 心理因素显著影响人类对人工智能系统的态度.
研究的目的:
- 识别和分类驱动对人工智能 (AI) 工具的阻力的主要心理因素.
- 探索这些抵抗因子的认知基础.
- 为促进人工智能采用提供有效干预措施的发展提供信息.
主要方法:
- 系统审查和组织现有的实证研究对AI抵抗.
- 阻力障碍的分类分为五种主要类型:不透明,无情,刚性,自主性和团体成员资格.
- 对与人工智能相关的和与用户相关的因素的分析,这些因素对每个障碍都有贡献.
主要成果:
- 确定了人工智能采用的五个主要心理障碍:不透明,无情,刚性,自主性和群体成员资格.
- 每个障碍都与基本的认知过程有关,并得到经验证据的支持.
- 人工智能归因因素和用户归因因素之间的区别为有针对性的干预提供了一个框架.
结论:
- 克服对有益的人工智能的抵抗需要解决根植于认知的特定心理障碍.
- 干预措施必须精心设计,考虑人工智能和用户因素,以减轻潜在的风险.
- 需要进一步的研究来完善干预策略,并了解利益相关者对人工智能采用的具体方法.
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