职业接触芬太尼会导致疾病吗? 一个系统的审查
Axel Adams1, Caitlin Maloy2, Brandon J Warrick3
1Cook County Health, Toxikon Consortium, Chicago, IL, USA.
Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)
|November 21, 2023
概括
暴露于芬太尼的第一响应者通常没有经历严重的阿片类毒性,尽管有些人没有使用推的个人防护设备. 这一系统性审查没有发现因涉嫌职业芬太尼暴露而导致的住院或死亡.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 紧急医疗 紧急医疗
背景情况:
- 越来越多地由芬太尼及其类型驱动的阿片类药物流行,对第一响应者而言,造成职业暴露的重大风险.
- 人们担心,由于每天接触含芬太尼的物质,急救人员可能会中毒.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和描述因芬太尼和芬太尼类似物暴露导致的职业病.
- 评估紧急响应人员在职业接触芬太尼所带来的危险.
主要方法:
- 按照PRISMA 2020指南进行了一次系统的文献审查.
- 在多个数据库 (PubMed,EMBASE,Google Scholar,SCOPUS,CINAHL,NIOSH) 搜索了职业芬太尼暴露报告.
- 包括观察性研究,病例报告和病例系列,抽象暴露,PPE,症状和结果的数据.
主要成果:
- 确定了12份涉及27名急救人员的独特报告.
- 对于暴露的第一响应者,没有发现全面的药物测试数据.
- 在暴露的人群中,没有入院或死亡发生;只有三人接受了纳洛,主观改善,缺乏推的个人防护设备.
结论:
- 已发表的报告表明,在可能暴露于芬太尼的第一响应者中,症状与急性阿片类药物毒性不一致.
- 发现了个人防护设备使用的违规行为,但没有任何可疑的芬太尼暴露导致住院治疗或死亡.
- 根据可用的低质量的数据,环境芬太尼暴露的可信阿片类药物影响并不明显.
相关概念视频
Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids
307
Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
307
Analgesia and Pain Management
632
Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
632
Types of Toxins
1.7K
Humans continually engage with an environment rich in potentially harmful chemicals. These are introduced to our bodies through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. These chemicals exist in various forms, such as air and environmental pollutants, agricultural chemicals, organic solvents, and heavy metals.
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...
1.7K
Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners
259
Opioids are a class of drugs that mimic endogenous opioid peptides and act on opioid receptors, and help in pain relief. These compounds are classified as natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic. Natural opioids, like morphine, codeine, and thebaine, are derived from the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum or Papaver album) and are termed opiates. Synthetic opioids are artificial, while semi-synthetic opioids combine natural and synthetic compounds. Morphine, a prototypical opioid, possesses a...
259
Factors Affecting Illness
4.2K
When a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social development or spiritual functioning is compromised, this deviation from a healthy normal state is called illness. Illness creates stress that in turn harms individuals. Irritation, anger, denial, hopelessness, and fear are behavioral and emotional changes an individual experiences in the phases of illness. A variety of factors influence a person's health and well-being.
For instance, risk factors are connected to illness,...
For instance, risk factors are connected to illness,...
4.2K
Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects
421
While local anesthetics are generally safe and well-tolerated, they can occasionally cause adverse effects that vary in severity. Local anesthetics can induce toxicity at two distinct levels. They can either produce local effects through direct contact with the neural elements or be absorbed into the bloodstream from the injection site, leading to systemic effects.
Once absorbed into the systemic circulation, local anesthetics can affect the organs that depend on the functioning of sodium...
Once absorbed into the systemic circulation, local anesthetics can affect the organs that depend on the functioning of sodium...
421


