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相关概念视频

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
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Development of Stem Cell-derived Antigen-specific Regulatory T Cells Against Autoimmunity
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Insm1 调节了mTEC 发育和免疫耐受性.

Weihua Tao1,2,3,4, Zhihuan Ye1,2,3, Yiqiu Wei1,2,3

  • 1The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.

Cellular & molecular immunology
|November 22, 2023
PubMed
概括

一种蛋白质Insm1,通过调节胸膜细胞的自我抗原表达,对免疫耐受性至关重要. 它在小鼠中的丧失导致自身免疫性疾病,突出了它在维持自我识别中的作用.

关键词:
自身免疫调节器 (Aire) 的作用这是一种自身免疫力.胰岛素瘤相关蛋白1 (Insm1) 是一种与胰岛素瘤相关的蛋白.骨髓胸膜上皮细胞 (mTECs) 是一种细胞.模仿细胞 模仿细胞组织受限抗原 (TRAs)

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科学领域:

  • 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 发展生物学 发展生物学

背景情况:

  • 骨髓胸膜上皮细胞 (mTECs) 表达自我抗原以建立免疫耐受性.
  • 在mTECs中管理自我抗原表达的监管网络尚未得到充分理解.
  • 自身免疫调节剂 (Aire) 是mTEC功能中的一个关键转录因子.

研究的目的:

  • 研究指蛋白质Insm1在mTEC功能和免疫耐受性中的作用.
  • 阐明了在甲状腺中自我抗原表达的调节机制.
  • 为了确定Insm1缺乏对自身免疫反应的影响.

主要方法:

  • 在mTEC中对Insm1和Aire的同表达分析.
  • 产生和分析Insm1突变小鼠.
  • 基因表达分析和染色体结合研究.
  • 评估周围组织的自身免疫反应.

主要成果:

  • 在mTEC中,Insm1与Aire共同表达,并在神经内分泌模仿细胞中持续存在.
  • Insm1突变降低了Aire的调节,破坏了mTEC基因表达的调节,并改变了mTEC亚群.
  • 失去Insm1会导致自身免疫反应.
  • Insm1通过染色体结合来调节mTECs中的基因表达,在超增强剂中经常被Aire共同占用.

结论:

  • 在调节mTECs表达的自我抗原中,Insm1起着至关重要的作用.
  • Insm1对于建立和维持免疫耐受性至关重要.
  • Insm1的失调有助于自身免疫性疾病的发展.