对复杂原生动物中硫素的子使用偏差的分析
1Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, Liaoning Province, China.
Parasites & vectors
|November 22, 2023
概括
类复杂原生动物的氧素 (Trxs) 表现出弱的编解子偏好,基质组成和自然选择影响了编解子使用偏差. 这项研究为潜在的药物和疫苗开发提供了关于复合体遗传进化的见解.
科学领域:
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 猿类复杂原生虫导致人类和动物的重大疾病,如疟疾和毒素菌.
- 这些寄生虫拥有独特的硫素 (Trxs),参与重要细胞过程,包括免疫逃避.
- 对于寄生虫生物学和治疗策略来说,了解复合体Trxs中的子使用是至关重要的.
研究的目的:
- 分析11种猿类复杂原生动物的硫素 (Trx) 编码序列 (CDS) 中的代码使用偏差 (CUB).
- 调查影响CUB的因素,如基质组成和自然选择.
- 加强对复合体遗传进化的理解,并确定药物和疫苗研究的潜在目标.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自11个猿类复合物种的32个Trx CDS的CUB.
- 使用了相对同义使用 (RSCU) 和基组合分析.
- 使用中立图表,PR2偏差图表和ENC-GC3图表来评估选择压力.
主要成果:
- 在Cryptosporidium和Plasmodium中,AT结尾的编码子普遍存在,而在Eimeria,Babesia等中,G/C结尾的编码子受到青.
- 平均有效编码子数 (ENC) 为46.59,表明编码子偏好较弱.
- 基组成和基使用指数影响了CUB,自然选择发挥了重要作用.
结论:
- 在复合体Trxs中使用Codon的特点是偏好较弱,受基组成和自然选择的影响.
- 这些发现有助于理解复合体的遗传进化.
- 这项研究为开发针对复合体的疫苗和药物提供了新的视角.
相关概念视频
02:28Leaky Scanning
5.1K
During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA. Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
5.1K
01:56Riboswitches
8.1K
Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
8.1K
02:32Exon Recombination
3.6K
The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes.
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
3.6K
02:26tRNA Activation
19.3K
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are present in both eukaryotes and bacteria. Though eukaryotes have 20 different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases to couple to 20 amino acids, many bacteria do not have genes for all of these aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Despite this, they still use all 20 amino acids to synthesize their proteins. For instance, some bacteria do not have the gene encoding the enzyme that couples glutamine with its partner tRNA. In these organisms, one enzyme adds glutamic acid to all of the...
19.3K
02:36Transfer RNA Synthesis
12.0K
One of the unique features of tRNA is the presence of modified bases. In some tRNAs, modified bases account for nearly 20% of the total bases in the molecule. Altogether, these unusual bases protect the tRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNases.
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
12.0K
02:24Ribosome Profiling
3.5K
Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
3.5K