多因素干预措施的关键特征,以有效减少住宅老年护理中的倒:系统审查,干预组件分析和定性比较分析
Jenni Suen1, Dylan Kneale2, Katy Sutcliffe2
1Rehabilitation, Aged and Extended Care, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park, Australia.
Age and ageing
|November 22, 2023
概括
在老年护理中实施多因素防摔需要员工参与和量身定制的干预措施. 共同设计和居民特定策略显著减少跌倒,提高护理设施的安全性.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 基于证据的实践.
背景情况:
- 在老年护理中的多因素防摔试验显示出不同的成功率.
- 基于个性化风险因素的干预措施需要优化.
- 了解有效的试验配置对于减少跌倒至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定防摔试验特征的有效配置.
- 分析干预组件 (ICA) 并使用定性比较分析 (QCA) 来确定成功因素.
- 提高老年护理机构防摔策略的有效性.
主要方法:
- 随机对照试验 (RCT) 关于多因素跌倒预防的更新元分析.
- 干预组件分析 (ICA) 的trialist视角.
- 定性比较分析 (QCA) 评估设施参与和量身定制的交付.
主要成果:
- 聚合的有效性显示,失败率比率为0.85 (95% CI,0.65-1.10).
- 针对环境和个人风险因素的干预措施,包括评估,医疗审查和运动,是常见的.
- 国际航空公司强调了与员工/经理共同设计和量身定制的交付对于成功的重要性.
- QCA表示,设施投入和量身定制的交付与较大降落减少相关 (一致性0.91,覆盖率0.85).
- 亚组的元分析表明,跌倒的减少很大 (率比为0.61,95% CI为0.54-0.69,I2=0%).
结论:
- 多因素防摔需要老年护理人员和管理人员的参与.
- 根据居民内在因素进行量身定制的干预是成功减少落的关键.
- 联合设计方法和QCA支持的策略与大幅减少落有关.
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