日本多个环境中的戒烟干预和实施:范围审查和补充调查
Tomomi Nagasawa1,2, Junko Saito2, Miyuki Odawara2
1Department of Health Communication, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Implementation science communications
|November 23, 2023
概括
这份综述强调了日本戒烟干预措施的知识差距,发现大部分关注的是临床环境. 灰色文献揭示了社区和工作场所干预措施的宝贵见解,强调需要更多的实施研究.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 吸烟仍然是全球主要的死亡原因.
- 日本在戒烟的基于证据的干预措施 (EBI) 和其实际实施之间存在差距.
- 了解地方层面的干预知识差距对于有效的公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 对日本的戒烟干预措施进行范围审查.
- 识别知识缺口,实施成果,障碍,促进者和战略.
- 弥合研究证据和戒烟计划的现实应用之间的差距.
主要方法:
- 对初级和灰色文献进行了全面的范围审查.
- 用补充调查和半结构面试来收集组织数据.
- 数据提取的重点是干预特征,实施结果,影响因素和战略.
主要成果:
- 分析了600项干预措施,在临床环境中最常报告的行为咨询和戒断药物.
- 只有3.0%的文章报告了实施结果,其中透是最常见的.
- 关键障碍包括"可用资源"和"知识和信念",而"相对优先级"是促进者;"培训和教育利益相关者"是最常见的策略.
结论:
- 在日本,大多数关于戒烟的EBI报告都是临床的.
- 灰色文学为工作场所和社区环境提供了重要的见解.
- 对实施的进一步研究对于解决知识差距和提高戒烟率至关重要.
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