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Updated: Jul 10, 2025

Measuring Phosphorus Release in Laboratory Microcosms for Water Quality Assessment

Measuring Phosphorus Release in Laboratory Microcosms for Water Quality Assessment

Published on: July 22, 2019

通过基于水文气象数据的分区方法,评估监测的流域中含量的季节性和年度模式

E Contreras¹, M Jurado-Ezqueta¹, R Pimentel¹

¹Fluvial Dynamics and Hydrology Research Group, Andalusian Institute for Earth System Research, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.

Environmental research

|November 23, 2023

概括

河流中的污染在很大程度上源于农业下水和废水处理厂 (WWTP). 40多年来,瓜达伊拉河研究发现96%的测量超过了酸盐限值,与WWTP改进相关的显著减少.

科学领域:

环境科学环境科学
水质管理水质管理
欧洲化研究研究欧洲化研究

背景情况:

河流从农业/城市排水 (非点源) 和废水处理厂 (点源) 获得高 (P) 负载.
了解P源贡献对于有效的水质管理和实现监管目标至关重要.
西班牙南部的瓜达伊拉河流域面临着严重的水质压力,原因是土地的混合使用和人类活动.

研究的目的:

在近40年的时间里分析瓜达伊拉河的含量.
调查污染的来源,区分流水和点源贡献.
评估水平的长期趋势及其与监管标准和废水处理改进的关系.

主要方法:

长期 (1981-2022) 对瓜达伊拉河度和河流流量进行监测.
与降水事件和流量增加相关的P贡献事件的分析,以推断下游流量产生.
统计分析以确定P负载,流量和与WWTP升级相应的时间段之间的关系.

主要成果:

40%的P贡献与降雨引起的流水 (十一月至五月) 有关,而60%来自点源,特别突出于六月至九月,度高 (6-17 mg/L).
所有测量的96%都超过了0.34毫克PO4/L的国家酸盐度目标.
每月的P负载与河流流量 (R2 = 0.94) 呈现出强烈的线性关系,在三个截然不同的周期中观察到P含量的显著下降趋势,其中WWTP有所改善.

结论:

非点源下水和点源排放都对瓜达伊拉河的污染作出了重大贡献.
现有的酸盐度限制值经常被超越,这表明持续存在的水质挑战.
废水处理设施的改进随着时间的推移显然降低了含量,突出显示了点源管理的有效性.

关键词:

非点源污染的非点源污染.含量的负载排水过程中的排水.废水处理厂的废水处理厂.水的质量水的质量

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相关概念视频

The Phosphorus Cycle

The Phosphorus Cycle

Unlike carbon, water, and nitrogen, phosphorus is not present in the atmosphere as a gas. Instead, most phosphorus in the ecosystem exists as compounds, such as phosphate ions (PO43-), found in soil, water, sediment and rocks. Phosphorus is often a limiting nutrient (i.e., in short supply). Consequently, phosphorus is added to most agricultural fertilizers, which can cause environmental problems related to runoff in aquatic ecosystems.

Factors Affecting Solubility

Factors Affecting Solubility

Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Chȃtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide: