在小鼠中,用于发声和音量控制的大脑干电路
Avin Veerakumar1,2,3, Joshua P Head1,4, Mark A Krasnow5
1Department of Biochemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Nature neuroscience
|November 23, 2023
概括
研究人员在大脑干的核反复模两可 (RAm) 中确定了表达神经素 (Nts) 的神经元,这些神经元控制语音和声音体积. 这些RAm Nts神经元对于产生哺乳动物交流声音至关重要.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 动物沟通动物沟通
- 发音神经科学 发音神经科学
背景情况:
- 哺乳动物的发声对于沟通至关重要.
- 声调,通过声振动产生声音,是发声的基础.
- 精确的神经控制机制控制音调仍然在很大程度上是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定控制语音的特定大脑电路.
- 为了研究核反复模糊 (RAm) 神经元在发声中的作用.
- 为了确定控制语音音量的神经基础.
主要方法:
- 在小鼠中利用神经解剖学追踪和体内成像.
- 确定并描述了RAm中表达神经素 (Nts) 的神经元的一个亚群.
- 对RAm Nts神经元活动进行了有针对性的操纵,以评估它们对发声的必要性和充分性.
主要成果:
- 在RAm中发现了大约160个Nts表达神经元的亚群.
- 这些RAm Nts神经元在新生儿隔离哭声和成人社交发声期间都会被激活.
- 激活或抑制RAm Nts神经元双向控制发声和音量,证明了必要性和充分性.
结论:
- RAm Nts神经元是控制发声的神经回路的核心组成部分.
- 这些神经元在产生声音和调节其音量方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 这一发现有助于我们更好地理解语音通信的神经基础.
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