照顾高需要的患者
Susanne Hempel1, Maria Bolshakova2, Michael Hochman3
1Southern California Evidence Review Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA. susanne.hempel@med.usc.edu.
BMC health services research
|November 23, 2023
概括
了解高需求患者需要识别常见的患者,专业和组织需求. 干预措施必须解决这些领域,同时考虑改善医疗保健系统设计的意外后果.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健管理的管理
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 以患者为中心的护理
背景情况:
- 高需要的患者对医疗保健系统构成复杂的挑战.
- 现有的方法往往缺乏对不同患者,专业和组织需求的全面理解.
- 清晰的定义和领域识别对于有效的干预开发至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 探索"高需求"的构造,并确定共同的需求领域.
- 将医疗保健系统用来解决这些需求的干预措施分类.
- 检查这些干预措施的潜在意外后果.
主要方法:
- 采用了经过修改的Delphi面板方法,整合了环境扫描.
- 专家利益相关者包括患者,跨学科的医疗保健从业者,实施科学家和政策制定者.
- 数据收集涉及到快速的文献审查,关键信息人采访和在线调查,以建立共识.
主要成果:
- 在患者 (11个领域),护理专业人员 (5个领域) 和组织 (8个领域) 中确定了共同的需求领域.
- 开发了15个干预类别的分类,针对患者,专业人士或组织.
- 确定了潜在的意想不到的后果,包括患者成本和职业负担.
结论:
- 区分需求领域为高需求患者提供了有针对性的干预策略.
- 干预措施应精心设计,以减轻对所有利益相关者的意外下游影响.
- 考虑患者,专业和组织因素的细微方法对于有效的护理至关重要.
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