不同运动训练类型对老年肥胖者身体构成和身体表现的影响:系统性审查和元分析
L da Silva Gonçalves1, L Santos Lopes da Silva, C J Rodrigues Benjamim
1Leonardo Santos Lopes da Silva, Bandeirantes Avenue nº 3900, University Campus - Monte Alegre, Ribeirao Preto-SP, Brazil. Zip code: 14030-680 Contact: +55 17 98154-4151, leonardosls@usp.br.
The journal of nutrition, health & aging
|November 24, 2023
概括
运动干预有效地减少身体脂肪,并提高老年人与sarcopenic肥胖症 (SO) 的力量. 抵抗和综合训练在强度和功能测试中显示出特殊的好处,例如椅子站式测试.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 在老年人中,sarcopenic肥胖症 (SO) 具有双重挑战,影响身体组成和身体功能.
- 有效的干预措施对于减轻老年人群中与SO相关的健康风险至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析各种运动训练类型对SO的老年人身体组成和身体表现的影响.
- 综合当前关于运动干预SO的证据,以告知临床建议.
主要方法:
- 随机对照试验的系统审查和元分析.
- 在主要数据库 (MEDLINE,EMBASE,Cochrane,科学网,SCOPUS,LILACS) 进行的搜索.
- 纳入标准侧重于运动干预,身体组成,肌肉功能和SO诊断;评估偏差风险和证据确定性 (GRADE).
主要成果:
- 运动干预导致身体脂肪百分比 (SMD: -0.34) 中等确定性下降.
- 抵抗训练特别减少了身体脂肪 (SMD: -0.27).
- 在上肢力量 (低确定性),下肢力量 (高确定性) 和椅子站测试性能 (高确定性) 中观察到显著的改善,特别是在抵抗和联合训练中.
结论:
- 中等至高确定性证据支持运动可以改善SO的老年人体脂肪,下肢力量和功能移动性 (椅子站测试).
- 对于上肢强度改善的证据存在较低的确定性.
- 不同的训练方式产生不同的结果,这表明定制的运动处方可能有利于优化这一群体的健康结果.
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