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公共医疗保健计划是否使社会更加平等? 跨国关于主观幸福感的证据
1School of Business, Faculty of Business and Law, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia. rjrd782@uowmail.edu.au.
Health economics review
|November 24, 2023
概括
全民健康覆盖 (UHC) 减少了主观福祉 (SWB) 的不平等,特别是在不平等的社会中. 然而,UHC计划并没有加剧国家之间现有的不平等差距.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 全民健康覆盖 (UHC) 旨在通过确保获得服务和经济保护来改善人口健康和生活质量.
- 本研究研究了UHC对主观福祉 (SWB) 不平等的影响,使用一种超出基于收入的措施的新方法.
- 调查公共卫生计划在缓解社会不平等方面的作用对于公平的社会发展至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查普惠健康覆盖 (UHC) 与主观福祉 (SWB) 不平等之间的关系.
- 探索公共卫生计划在减少社会不平等方面的潜力.
- 评估UHC对SWB分布在不同百分位数上的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用来自欧洲价值观研究 (EVS) 和世界价值观调查 (WVS) 的重复横截面调查数据.
- 采用观察性研究设计,进行统计分析,包括普通最小平方,Oaxaca-Blinder分解和重心影响函数 (RIF).
- RIF方法允许对整个SWB分布进行全面分析,而不仅仅是中心趋势.
主要成果:
- 全民健康覆盖 (UHC) 计划与SWB不平等有显著的负相关性 (-0.070,p < 0.05).
- 这种减少不平等的效应在SWB分布的第5,第50和第75个百分点中被观察到.
- 没有证据表明UHC计划有助于扩大SWB不平等差距.
结论:
- 在低至中等不平等的环境中,UHC计划表现出减少不平等的能力.
- 在减少SWB不平等方面,当现有不平等严重时,UHC在减少SWB不平等方面的有效性会减少.
- 在UHC中加强服务覆盖和财务保护对于促进福祉和社会公平至关重要.
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