从模拟研究中的植物性饮食场景中评估蛋白质充足度:叙述性审查
Bi Xue Patricia Soh1, Nick W Smith1, Pamela R von Hurst2
1Sustainable Nutrition Initiative, Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
The Journal of nutrition
|November 24, 2023
概括
植物性饮食可以营养丰富,但不平衡的版本可能缺乏必需的营养素. 本次审查强调,虽然植物蛋白质满足一般需求,但儿童和老年人可能需要仔细规划足够的蛋白质和氨基酸摄入量.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 饮食评估 饮食评估
- 食品科学 食品科学 食品科学
背景情况:
- 植物性饮食提供营养益处,但如果不平衡,可能导致缺陷.
- 评估蛋白质质量需要考虑氨基酸成分和消化能力,而不仅仅是数量.
- 有限的评论存在于饮食建模研究,比较动物和植物蛋白质替代.
研究的目的:
- 在用植物替代品取代动物蛋白质时,审查有关蛋白质摄入量和质量的饮食建模研究.
- 分析模拟植物性饮食中不同年龄组蛋白质充足度如何变化.
- 巩固有关蛋白质摄入量,质量,新型植物蛋白和特殊种群的发现.
主要方法:
- 对23项饮食建模研究的叙述性综述.
- 研究被分类为主题:蛋白质摄入量,蛋白质质量,新型植物替代品和特殊人群.
- 在模拟饮食中分析蛋白质充足度和氨基酸概况.
主要成果:
- 植物性饮食模拟通常显示蛋白质摄入量低于动物性饮食,但符合要求.
- 在儿童和老年人模拟饮食中,蛋白质充足度不足.
- 豆类,坚果和种子提供了比谷物更好的蛋白质摄入量和质量.
- 与基线和部分替代相比,动物蛋白完全替代植物蛋白降低了蛋白质充足度.
结论:
- 饮食建模对于评估植物性饮食中蛋白质充足度至关重要.
- 植物性饮食中蛋白质和氨基酸的充足程度取决于食物选择和人口需求.
- 对于儿童和老年人等弱势群体来说,精心计划是必不可少的,以确保从植物来源摄入足够的蛋白质.
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