在患有神经发育障碍的儿童和青少年中,背部状状功能连接和重复性行为维度
Eun Jung Choi1, Marlee M Vandewouw2, Margot J Taylor3
1Autism Research Centre, Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Neurosciences & Mental Health, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging
|November 24, 2023
概括
神经发育障碍 (NDD) 中的重复性行为显示出显著的异质性. 背带状连接模式在自闭症谱系障碍,强迫症和注意力缺陷/多动症障碍中各不相同,突出了复杂的神经支.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 重复性行为是自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD),强迫症 (OCD) 和注意力缺陷/多动症 (ADHD) 的核心症状.
- 尽管有共同的症状,但重复行为中的显著异质性表明神经发育障碍 (NDD) 中存在不同的神经生物学机制.
研究的目的:
- 调查与诊断标签和三个NDD的特定重复性行为相关的背带状功能连接模式.
- 探索NDD中重叠的行为表现的基础的神经生物学异质性.
主要方法:
- 使用功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 在一个大队列中 (N=412) 检查了内在的背脊条纹功能连接,包括患有ASD,强迫症,多动症和通常发展的对照的人.
- 分析了诊断和行为 (相似性/仪式主义,自我伤害,刻板印象,强迫行为) 对功能连接的主要影响和相互作用,使用尾状和状骨种子区域.
主要成果:
- 强迫症 (OCD) 组在视觉和视觉运动区域显示出不同的连接模式.
- 低级重复性行为 (自我伤害,刻板印象) 涉及运动和认知控制区域,尽管在多次比较后,研究结果缺乏统计学意义.
- 观察到自我伤害行为和注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 诊断在尾状脑小脑功能连接上之间的相互作用.
结论:
- 研究结果证实了NDD的实质性异质性和重叠的行为症状,强调了复杂的神经机制.
- 倡导无诊断症状措施,以更好地捕捉可观察到的行为,严重程度,潜在功能和NDD的动机.
相关概念视频
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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
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