全民医疗覆盖在中国第1部分:进展和差距
Winnie Yip1, Hongqiao Fu2, Weiyan Jian2
1Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
The Lancet. Public health
|November 24, 2023
概括
中国已经实现了显著的健康覆盖,特别是在母亲和儿童健康方面,但在慢性疾病护理和财务保护方面面临挑战. 需要进一步努力,到2030年实现全民健康覆盖.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 全球健康 全球健康
背景情况:
- 在过去二十年中,中国在医疗保健服务覆盖率方面取得了实质性的进展,特别是在生殖,孕产妇,新生儿和儿童健康 (RMNCH),传染病和服务可访问性方面.
- 这些关键领域的覆盖率现在与高收入国家相美,服务覆盖率的不平等性显著减少.
- 尽管取得了这些进展,但在慢性疾病服务覆盖率方面仍然存在重大差异,在控制慢性疾病风险因素方面的进展在过去十年中是微不足道的.
研究的目的:
- 综合评估中国在实现到2030年目标的全民健康覆盖 (UHC) 方面取得的进展.
- 确定医疗保健服务覆盖的具体成就和持续的差距,对UHC至关重要.
- 评估对人口的金融风险保护程度,特别是关于灾难性医疗支出.
主要方法:
- 该研究涉及对中国医疗保健系统绩效的全面评估.
- 分析重点关注不同卫生领域服务覆盖率的关键指标,包括RMNCH,传染病和慢性疾病.
- 评估包括检查健康不平等的趋势和灾难性医疗支出的普遍性.
主要成果:
- 中国已经实现了与高收入国家相提并论的高覆盖率,用于RMNCH和传染病,并减少了不平等.
- 对大多数慢性疾病的服务覆盖率仍然低于高收入国家,在管理风险因素方面取得的进展有限.
- 与经济发展水平相似的国家相比,中国的灾难性医疗支出发生率不成比例.
结论:
- 虽然中国在实现全民健康覆盖方面取得了很大进展,特别是在RMNCH和传染病方面,但在慢性疾病管理和金融风险保护方面仍然存在重大差距.
- 应对慢性病服务覆盖面的挑战和减轻灾难性卫生支出对于中国实现2030年UHC目标至关重要.
- 持续的政策重点和投资是必要的,以确保所有公民获得公平和全面的医疗保健.
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