在基于人口的公共卫生调查中识别残疾和发育障碍的儿童和青少年的变化
Lauren A Russell1, Sarah C Tinker2, Catherine E Rice2
1Division of Human Development and Disability, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Research Participation Programs, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
Disability and health journal
|November 24, 2023
概括
儿童残疾和发育障碍 (DD) 的患病率估计因使用的定义和数据源而有很大差异. 国家调查可能需要改进问题,以准确地捕捉公共卫生行动的这些条件.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 儿童健康 儿童健康
背景情况:
- "发展障碍" (DD) 的定义和应用在包括立法在内的各种来源之间是不一致的.
- 这种不一致性影响了准确的识别和流行率估计.
研究的目的:
- 确定现有的残疾和DD的定义.
- 通过使用美国国家调查,评估这些定义的可操作性,以估计流行率.
主要方法:
- 利用了2016-2018年国家健康访谈调查 (NHIS) 和18岁以下儿童国家儿童健康调查 (NSCH) 的数据.
- 根据两个残疾定义和七个DD定义的估计患病率,使用复杂的样本设计和国家代表性的权重.
主要成果:
- 根据具体的定义和数据源 (NHIS和NSCH),残疾和DD的患病率估计有很大差异.
- 对于相同的定义,NSCH通常比NHIS产生更高的流行率估计.
结论:
- 估计患病率的大量变化表明,目前的国家调查可能无法完全捕捉现有的残疾和DD定义的所有组成部分.
- 未来的数据收集应该考虑纳入不同的或额外的问题,以更好地与定义保持一致,并为公共卫生行动提供信息.
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