针对结直肠癌患者进行个性化辅助治疗
Li Yang1, Jinlin Yang1, Andreas Kleppe2,3,4
1Department of Gastroenterology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Nature reviews. Clinical oncology
|November 24, 2023
概括
像人工智能和液体活检这样的新技术为结直肠癌 (CRC) 辅助治疗提供了改善的患者分层. 这种个性化旨在提高化疗的安全性和有效性,超越传统的分期方法.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
背景情况:
- 结肠直肠癌 (CRC) 的标准辅助疗法使用胺或氧沙的组合,治疗选择基于传统的组织病理学.
- 目前的分期方法对于准确分层患者是有限的,导致治疗效益和安全问题不足.
- 迫切需要确定哪些患者将从化疗中获益最大,以及手术后复发风险较低的患者.
研究的目的:
- 审查目前用于结直肠癌 (CRC) 的辅助疗法的现状.
- 讨论针对个性化CRC辅助治疗的新兴技术.
- 突出患者分层的进步,以改善治疗结果.
主要方法:
- 审查目前的标准护理辅助治疗的CRC.
- 探索用于预测胺毒性的遗传分析.
- 对数字病理学图像应用的人工智能 (AI) 模型的分析.
- 对测量循环瘤DNA (ctDNA) 的液体活检技术的评估.
主要成果:
- 生殖系遗传分析识别了患有高风险的患者,可能会受到胺的严重毒性,从而使剂量调整成为可能.
- 人工智能驱动的组织图像分析显示,将CRC患者分为预后组的分层具有前景.
- 液体活检为瘤复发的风险分层提供了宝贵的术后数据.
- 传统的组织病理学分期是CRC患者分层的一个粗的工具.
结论:
- 在CRC辅助疗法中,个性化医疗正在通过新技术取得进展.
- 人工智能和液体活检是基于复发风险对患者分层的关键创新.
- 未来的战略将专注于将化疗量身定制为个别患者的个人资料,以提高安全性和疗效.
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