开发和评估一种自然语言处理系统,用于策划跨胸腔心电图 (TTE) 数据库
Tim Dong1, Nicholas Sunderland1, Angus Nightingale1
1Bristol Heart Institute, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK.
Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 25, 2023
概括
这项研究开发了一个自然语言处理 (NLP) 系统,从心声回声报告中提取数据. 该NLP方法准确地将非结构化文本转换为结构化数据,改善临床研究和数据管理.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 自然语言处理自然语言处理.
背景情况:
- 电子健康记录 (EHR) 包含有价值的患者数据,但往往依赖于非结构化的文本,造成分析挑战.
- 富含心血管病理信息的心声图报告,由于其叙事结构,很难提取和分析.
- 自然语言处理 (NLP) 在心声回声分析中未得到充分利用,尽管它在其他医学领域取得了成功.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种基于NLP的方法,从心声回声学报告中提取和分类数据.
- 将连续和离散的结果从半结构化的叙事格式转换为结构化,分类的格式.
- 为了使未来的研究和临床应用使用结构化心声回声学数据.
主要方法:
- 使用了135,062份跨胸腔心电图 (TTE) 报告的数据集,分为培训,验证和测试队列.
- 一个NLP系统被开发和完善代与医学专家的输入.
- 两个临床医生使用协议,歧视,准确性和校准指标对NLP系统的性能进行了验证,对盲目注释进行了验证.
主要成果:
- 连续结果 (LVOT VTI,AV VTI,TR Vmax) 显示出完美的评价者间可靠性 (ICC=1.00) 和高的R2值,表明NLP与临床医生的优异对齐.
- 对于其他结果,如LVOT直径和上升性大动脉直径,实现了良好的评分间可靠性 (ICC=0.75-0.9).
- 在混矩阵分析中,NLP系统实现了91.38%的离散结果测量的准确率.
结论:
- 这种基于NLP的方法有效地从心声回声学报告中提取和分类数据.
- 该系统与临床医生的提取结果有很高的一致性和一致性,验证了它的实用性.
- 该工具可将半结构化回声报告转换为结构化数据,以改善数据管理,研究和临床决策.
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