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西班牙高发病率非传染性疾病的流行病学状况:系统性审查
Yessineth D Aparicio-Rodríguez1, Enrique Alonso-Morillejo1, Juan Manuel García-Torrecillas2,3,4
1Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain.
Journal of clinical medicine
|November 25, 2023
概括
高发病率的非传染性疾病 (HNCD),如心脏病,2型糖尿病和结直肠癌,与生活方式因素有关. 负责任的行为和生活方式选择显著影响这些主要健康问题的发生率,流行率和死亡率.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 慢性疾病管理 慢性疾病管理
背景情况:
- 高发病率的非传染性疾病 (HNCD) 构成了全球重大公共卫生挑战.
- 这些疾病危及实现"2030年可持续发展议程"的目标.
- 了解西班牙特定HNCD的现状对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 描述最近西班牙缺血性心脏病,2型糖尿病和结直肠癌的流行和发病率.
- 综合有关这些HNCDs相关的风险因素,生活方式影响和死亡率的当前知识.
- 突出查和患者赋权在管理这些疾病中的作用.
主要方法:
- 进行了科学文献的系统审查.
- 从2022年10月到2023年2月,在MEDLINE,ProQuest和Scopus数据库中进行了搜索.
- 最终分析包括了34篇相关文章,按疾病分类.
主要成果:
- 生活方式因素和相关的风险行为明显影响研究的HNCDs的发病率,流行率和死亡率.
- 分析涵盖了每个疾病的风险因素,生活方式选择,死亡率趋势和发病率数据.
- 在审查的文献中强调了查计划和患者赋权策略的重要性.
结论:
- 生活方式和可修改的风险因素是发生和进展缺血性心脏病,2型糖尿病和结直肠癌的关键决定因素.
- 负责任的人类行为,特别是关于生活方式的选择,与这些普遍疾病的发展直接相关.
- 公共卫生战略应侧重于解决生活方式因素和促进患者参与,以减轻HNCDs的负担.
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