运动员运动后补水:和碳水化合物在商业化补水饮料中的影响
Nhu Q Ly1, Karrie L Hamstra-Wright2, Craig A Horswill2
1Independent Researcher, Charlotte, NC 28278, USA.
Nutrients
|November 25, 2023
概括
口服补水溶液 (ORS) 和运动饮料 (SD) 在运动后有效地补水运动员,表现优于水. 与SD和水相比,ORS在液体保留方面显示出早期的优势.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 运动营养 运动营养
- 补水科学 补水科学
背景情况:
- 在运动引起的脱水后,最佳的液体替代策略对于运动表现和恢复至关重要.
- 在补水溶液中 (Na) 和碳水化合物 (CHO) 度的特定作用仍然不完全理解.
- 现有的研究缺乏口服补水溶液 (ORS) 和运动饮料 (SD) 进行运动后补水的明确比较.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较ORS和SD在运动诱导脱水后促进水分保留 (%FR) 的有效性.
- 为了测试ORS (45 mmol Na/L,2.5% CHO) 将导致比SD (18 mmol Na/L,6% CHO) 更完整的补水的假设.
- 为了确定ORS和SD是否会导致比水安慰剂 (W) 更高的%FR.
主要方法:
- 一个安慰剂控制的,随机的,双盲临床试验,涉及26名运动员.
- 运动引起的脱水是通过三次90分钟的间隔训练而没有摄入液体而实现的,目标是2.6%的体重减轻 (BML).
- 参与者饮用液体,以取代运动后100%的BML,并被监测了3.5小时,以评估%FR.
主要成果:
- 与水安慰剂 (58.1 ± 12.6%) 相比,ORS (76.9 ± 8.0%) 和SD (73.9 ± 10.9%) 的平均%FR在3.5小时内显著更高.
- 在3.5小时标志上,ORS和SD之间没有观察到%FR的显著差异.
- 一个显著的相互作用效应表明,在康复后的前60分钟内,ORS比水更有效地抑制了尿液的产生,这种效应在SD中没有看到.
结论:
- 在运动引起的脱水后,ORS和SD都比水更优越.
- ORS的特定配方 (较高的Na,较低的CHO) 可能在初始恢复阶段在液体保留方面提供早期优势.
- 进一步的研究可能会为不同的运动强度和环境条件阐明Na和CHO的最佳平衡.
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