测量城市人类健康的热应激:在西班牙瓦伦西亚的一个地区测试了一种低成本原型
Àlex Aduna-Sánchez1, Antonio Correcher2, David Alfonso-Solar1
1Institute for Energy Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 25, 2023
概括
开发了一种新的低成本热应力监测系统,用于测量WBGT和MRT等热舒适度指数. 这种智能城市解决方案为城市环境提供可靠的数据传输和离网电力.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 城市规划 城市规划
- 传感器技术 传感器技术
背景情况:
- 全球变暖需要监测热应激指数,因为温度上升及其对人类健康和绩效的影响.
- 测量热舒适度指数的现有方法,如湿球球体温度 (WBGT),热带夏季指数 (TSI) 和平均辐射温度 (MRT),对于城市和工作环境至关重要.
- 智慧城市计划需要成本效益高的解决方案来监测大型城市地区的环境参数.
研究的目的:
- 设计,调试和测试一个低成本的原型热应力监测 (HSM) 系统.
- 评估系统在测量基本热应力指数方面的能力.
- 评估在城市环境中实施这种系统的可行性.
主要方法:
- 开发了一种无线HSM系统原型,配备多个射频传输传感器和中央接收器.
- 传感器测量关键的环境参数:风速,空气温度,相对湿度,大气压,太阳辐射和黑球温度.
- 数据通过4G传输到基于云的SQL数据库;系统由太阳能电池板和离子电池供电,用于离网运行.
主要成果:
- 原型网络经过一年的测试,证明了高达700米的无线电数据传输可靠性.
- 离网电源在一次充电后可提供长达36天的自主性.
- 从收集的数据中成功估计了包括WBGT,STI和MRT在内的热应力指标.
结论:
- 开发的低成本HSM系统是城市环境中监测热应激的可行解决方案.
- 该系统提供可靠的数据收集,远程通信和扩展的离网运行能力.
- 具有成本效益的设计 (每台设备190欧元) 使其适合在智能城市应用中广泛部署.
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