尿路上部泌尿瘤的当代问题
Jianping Zhao1, Charles C Guo, Priya Rao
1Department of Anatomical Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
Advances in anatomic pathology
|November 27, 2023
概括
病理分析对于诊断和管理上泌尿道泌尿道癌 (UTUC) 是至关重要的. 准确的分类和分期仍然具有挑战性,需要进一步研究这种罕见癌症的分子分类和治疗策略.
科学领域:
- 尿道瘤学 尿道瘤学
- 病理学 病理学 病理学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 上泌尿道泌尿道癌 (UTUC) 是一种罕见的恶性瘤,影响盆和尿道.
- 准确的病理分析对于诊断,风险分层和引导UTUC治疗决策至关重要.
- 在从小上道活检中获得足够的组织以准确分类瘤和评估入侵方面存在挑战.
研究的目的:
- 审查病理分析在UTUC诊断和管理中的关键作用.
- 突出UTUC分级和分期的挑战,特别是有限的活检材料.
- 讨论分子亚型的最新进展和UTUC病理学的未解决问题.
主要方法:
- 对UTUC病理学,诊断和治疗的当前文献的综述.
- 分析病理特征对风险分层的重要性.
- 讨论分子分析研究,确定不同的UTUC亚型.
主要成果:
- 病理特征有助于将UTUC患者分为低风险和高风险组,以进行量身定制的治疗.
- 在UTUC的一个子集中观察到组织学亚型和分离差异化.
- 分子研究揭示了基因上不同的UTUC亚型,基于多omics数据.
结论:
- 尽管取得了进展,但在UTUC的病理诊断和分子分类方面仍然存在挑战.
- 基于病理学的风险分层是选择最佳治疗方法的关键,包括保守的方法和全身疗法.
- 需要进一步的研究来解决 pT3 UTUC 预后中的争议,并完善分子分类,以改善患者的治疗结果.
相关概念视频
01:20Disorders of the Urinary System
322
The urinary system is responsible for eliminating waste and excess fluids from the body. However, disorders of the urinary system can arise due to various reasons like infections, stress, age, congenital abnormalities, and lifestyle.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common urinary system disorders. They are caused by bacteria that enter the urethra and can spread to the bladder resulting in cystitis. Pyelonephritis is the result of a UTI that has ascended to the level of the...
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common urinary system disorders. They are caused by bacteria that enter the urethra and can spread to the bladder resulting in cystitis. Pyelonephritis is the result of a UTI that has ascended to the level of the...
322
01:22Ureters
517
The ureters are retroperitoneal tubes located on either side of the vertebral column. They are responsible for transporting urine from each kidney to the urinary bladder. These tubes have thick walls and are approximately 25-30 cm long. Their diameter is around 10 mm at the renal pelvis, gradually narrowing to 1 mm as the ureter obliquely enters the posterior bladder wall through the ureteric orifices. The shape of these orifices is slit-like, which helps to prevent urine backflow toward the...
517
01:23Urinary Bladder
791
The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...
791
01:20Disorders of the Male Reproductive System
424
Men's health issues are increasingly recognized as significant, with several conditions posing common threats. Among these, testicular cancer is especially prevalent in younger men, particularly those aged 20 to 35 years. The disease often manifests as a painless mass in the testicles, sometimes accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or a dull ache.
Prostate disorders are another major concern. These conditions can impair urinary flow due to the prostate's location around the urethra....
Prostate disorders are another major concern. These conditions can impair urinary flow due to the prostate's location around the urethra....
424