分析多发性骨髓瘤治疗和管理的最新情况
Maria Jacqueline Nieto1, Aryles Hedjar1, Margaret Locke1
1Department of Cancer, Northwell Health Cancer Institute & Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra, Lake Success, NY, USA.
概括
多发性骨髓瘤 (MM) 治疗的进步提高了生存率,但种族差异仍然存在. 需要进一步的研究来解决MM护理中的这些结果差距.
科学领域:
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
- 癌症流行病学 癌症流行病学
- 医学瘤学 医学瘤学
背景情况:
- 近几十年来,在多发性骨髓瘤 (MM) 中出现了显著的治疗进展,包括蛋白酶体抑制剂,免疫调节剂,单克隆抗体和CAR T细胞疗法.
- 这些创新改善了患者的治疗结果,并降低了治疗毒性.
- 实验室测试的同时进展使得更快,更准确的反应评估成为可能.
研究的目的:
- 检查过去二十年 (2000-2019) 多发性骨髓瘤 (MM) 的流行病学趋势.
- 识别和分析影响MM诊断和患者生存率的差异.
主要方法:
- 从SEER数据库 (2000-2019) 中对111,328名被诊断为MM的成人患者进行了回顾性分析.
- 利用结点模型来计算年度百分比变化 (APC) 和平均年度百分比变化 (AAPC).
主要成果:
- 与白人患者相比,黑人患者的MM发病率更高.
- 发生率APC从1.46 (2000-2015年) 降至-1.34 (2015-2019年).
- 相对存活率和5年癌症存活率增加,而1年MM相关死亡率显著下降.
结论:
- 治疗和诊断的进步改善了MM的生存率.
- 在MM结果中持续存在的种族差异需要进一步调查.
- 未来的研究应该专注于评估对新疗法的治疗反应,以解决这些差异.
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