不同比赛长度的表现是否应该被视为冷血的遗传特征?
Paulina Berglund1, Sreten Andonov1, Erling Strandberg1
1Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
概括
在瑞典 - 挪威冷血步行者中,在不同的比赛长度中选择每公里比赛时间并没有显著扩大繁殖目标或减少内生. 虽然发生了一些马匹的重新排名,但它并没有促进较少的亲属,这表明需要其他特征来使繁殖多样化.
科学领域:
- 动物遗传学动物遗传学
- 量化遗传学 量化遗传学
- 马类科学 马类科学
背景情况:
- 瑞典-挪威冷血走马因主导的马匹而面临越来越多的平均亲属关系.
- 育种目标旨在提高性能特征,例如每公里 (km) 的比赛时间.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同赛长 (短,中,长) 的每公里比赛时间的选择是否可以扩大繁殖目标.
- 评估这种选择策略是否鼓励使用不太相关的繁殖羊.
- 为了评估不同距离的每公里赛车时间的遗传性和遗传相关性.
主要方法:
- 使用了1995-2021年瑞典冷血马的性能数据.
- 采用了三种动物模型,使用吉布斯采样来检测差异组件和遗传相关性.
- 估计的繁殖值使用单变动物模型,以计算每公里短,中,长距离的比赛时间.
主要成果:
- 每公里比赛时间的遗传概率估计在0.27-0.28.8之间.
- 在不同距离的每公里比赛时间之间发现了强烈的遗传相关性 (0.97-0.99).
- 一些马匹的重新排名发生了,但这并没有导致使用与人口不太相关的马匹.
结论:
- 不同距离的每公里比赛时间并不是由于强烈的相关性而具有遗传特征.
- 选择特定距离的比赛时间不会有效地扩大繁殖目标或减少种群的相关性.
- 结合长寿和健康等特征可能更有效地实现繁殖目标的多样化,并防止 sire 主导地位.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
02:27Background and Environment Affect Phenotype
6.5K
Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
6.5K
01:39Epistasis
46.9K
In addition to multiple alleles at the same locus influencing traits, numerous genes or alleles at different locations may interact and influence phenotypes in a phenomenon called epistasis. For example, rabbit fur can be black or brown depending on whether the animal is homozygous dominant or heterozygous at a TYRP1 locus. However, if the rabbit is also homozygous recessive at a locus on the tyrosinase gene (TYR), it will have an unshaded coat that appears white, regardless of its TYRP1...
46.9K
01:43Incomplete Dominance
22.6K
Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
22.6K
01:21Testing a Claim about Mean: Unknown Population SD
3.5K
A complete procedure of testing a hypothesis about a population mean when the population standard deviation is unknown is explained here.
Estimating a population mean requires the samples to be approximately normally distributed. The data should be collected from the randomly selected samples having no sampling bias. There is no specific requirement for sample size. But if the sample size is less than 30, and we don't know the population standard deviation, a different approach is used;...
Estimating a population mean requires the samples to be approximately normally distributed. The data should be collected from the randomly selected samples having no sampling bias. There is no specific requirement for sample size. But if the sample size is less than 30, and we don't know the population standard deviation, a different approach is used;...
3.5K