可解释的人工智能和机器学习:面对传染病的新方法挑战了挑战
Daniele Roberto Giacobbe1,2, Yudong Zhang3,4, José de la Fuente5,6
1Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Annals of medicine
|November 27, 2023
概括
人工智能 (AI) 和机器学习 (ML) 正在改变医学,特别是传染病. 可解释的AI/ML模型对于理解疾病诊断,管理和抗菌素耐药性预测至关重要.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 计算生物学 计算生物学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 和机器学习 (ML) 在包括医学在内的各个领域都在迅速发展.
- 医疗保健中AI/ML的增长需要了解他们的决策过程,特别是在传染病管理方面.
- 可解释的AI (XAI) 和可解释的ML正在成为解决这些模型复杂性的重要内容.
研究的目的:
- 突出可解释AI/ML在传染病领域日益增长的重要性和应用.
- 讨论XAI/ML在理解和应对传染病方面的当前和潜在益处.
- 要强调医疗应用中使用的AI/ML模型中对可解释性的需求.
主要方法:
- 审查AI/ML在传染病研究和临床实践中的当前应用.
- 分析可解释AI/ML在提高模型透明度方面的作用.
- 讨论案例研究,包括COVID-19诊断,抗菌素耐药性预测和疫苗开发.
主要成果:
- 可解释的AI/ML模型正在积极使用,以改善COVID-19等传染病的诊断和管理.
- XAI/ML有助于理解用于预测抗微生物耐药性的复杂模型,以及开发量子疫苗算法.
- 可解释性的整合增强了AI/ML在关键医疗决策中的信任和实用性.
结论:
- 可解释的AI/ML对于应对现代传染病挑战的复杂性至关重要.
- 对于强大的医疗AI/ML应用,需要进一步研究可解释性-可解释性二分法.
- 利用XAI/ML对于推动全球卫生安全应对传染性威胁至关重要.
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