识别和描述儿童发育性语言障碍
Alyssa K Kuiack1, Lisa M D Archibald1
1Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
International journal of language & communication disorders
|November 27, 2023
概括
语音语言病理学家 (SLP) 在使用发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 标签方面表现出普遍共识,但复杂病例的诊断标准存在差异. 进一步的研究旨在提高DLD诊断的一致性.
科学领域:
- 儿科语言障碍儿童语言障碍
- 临床语言学 临床语言学
- 语音语言病理学 语言病理学
背景情况:
- 2016-17年的一项共识定义了发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 对于影响沟通或学习的持续语言问题儿童,不包括其他生物医学疾病.
- 尽管存在共识,言语语言病理学家 (SLP) 在临床实践中应用DLD诊断标签时表现出不确定性.
研究的目的:
- 调查语音语言病理学家 (SLPs) 认为足以诊断发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 的临床语言概况和评估结果.
- 探索SLP在识别DLD时使用的诊断过程和标准的变化.
主要方法:
- 在SLPs的调查中,提供了10个不同的儿童语言配置文件和相关的评估数据.
- 参与者表示是否有必要诊断DLD,确定一致/不一致的症状,并指定需要进一步的信息.
- 临床医生详细介绍了他们对DLD的个人诊断方法和决策过程.
主要成果:
- 在SLP之间观察到一个关于DLD标签的应用的一般协议.
- 自由文本反应显示,临床医生在优先考虑症状和解释DLD诊断的评估结果方面存在显著的变化.
- 在被认为为诊断DLD所必需的最小评估数据中发现了差异.
结论:
- 该研究突出了SLP诊断实践中DLD的共识和变化的领域.
- 结果提供了关于提高诊断DLD的一致性和信心的见解,特别是在复杂的儿科语言配置文件中.
- 了解这些诊断细微差别对于完善临床指南和提高DLD诊断准确度至关重要.
相关概念视频
Language Development
369
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
369
Learning Disabilities
149
Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
149
Language and Cognition
352
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
352
Autism Spectrum Disorder
100
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
100
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
25
A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
Diagnostic Criteria and...
25
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
68
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
68


