由HCMV分泌的糖蛋白gpUL4抑制了TRAIL介导的亡和NK细胞激活
Virginia-Maria Vlachava1, Sepehr Seirafian1, Ceri A Fielding1
1Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom.
概括
人类细胞巨乳病毒 (HCMV) 使用一种新型分泌蛋白,gpUL4,来逃避免疫反应. 这种病毒诱受体通过阻断 TRAIL 来抑制自然杀手 (NK) 细胞活动,作为全身免疫抑制剂.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 人类细胞巨乳病毒 (HCMV) 采用多种免疫逃避策略来建立终身感染.
- 现有的病毒免疫逃避机制主要针对直接的细胞对细胞相互作用.
- 可溶性病毒因子远程调节免疫细胞的潜力仍然未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 调查HCMV是否产生可溶性免疫evasins,可以远程影响自然杀手 (NK) 细胞功能.
- 为了确定参与这种远程免疫调节的特定病毒蛋白质.
主要方法:
- 对所有170个HCMV正规蛋白质编码基因进行系统选.
- 质谱测量以确定已识别的病毒蛋白的结合伙伴.
- 功能性测试,以评估病毒蛋白对NK细胞活性和亡的影响.
主要成果:
- HCMV蛋白UL4 (gpUL4) 是一种分泌的,高度糖化蛋白质,抑制NK细胞脱粒化.
- gpUL4 作为 TRAIL 诱受体,以高亲和力结合 TRAIL,并防止其与细胞受体相互作用.
- gpUL4 抑制可溶性和膜结合的 TRAIL,抑制NK细胞降粒,细胞因子分泌和亡,并可能作为全身免疫抑制剂.
结论:
- HCMV gpUL4是一种新型病毒免疫-evasin,作为 TRAIL 的可溶性诱受体.
- gpUL4有效抑制NK细胞功能,有助于病毒的持久性和潜在的全身免疫抑制.
- 这一发现揭示了针对可溶性免疫介质的病毒免疫逃避的新机制.
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