南非结核病检测模式,以确定受益于增加调查的群体
Anne N Shapiro1,2, Lesley Scott3, Harry Moultrie4
1Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA. anshap@bu.edu.
Scientific reports
|November 27, 2023
概括
南非 南非 南非
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 南非国家卫生实验室服务 (NHLS) 收集重要的公共卫生实验室数据.
- 了解结核病 (TB) 检测模式对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
- 确定针对性结核病检测的特定人口群体是公共卫生的优先事项.
研究的目的:
- 评估2012-2016年南非结核病诊断测试和阳性率的趋势.
- 确定可能从增加结核病检测中受益的人口群体 (年龄,性别,艾滋病毒状况,病毒抑制).
- 建立结核病检测覆盖率和结果的国家基准.
主要方法:
- 从NHLS数据 (2012-2016) 中分析了1900万个结核病诊断测试.
- 根据艾滋病毒状况,病毒抑制,年龄,性别和省份对测试率和阳性的分层.
- 逻辑回归用于通过病毒抑制状态分析结核病阳性概率.
主要成果:
- 人均检测率在没有艾滋病毒的人群中最低.
- 结核病检测阳性在年轻成年人 (15-35岁),男性和未被抑制的艾滋病毒感染者中最高.
- 没有艾滋病毒证据的男性比抑制艾滋病毒的男性呈现更高的测试阳性,尽管结核病的几率相似.
结论:
- 没有实验室确诊的艾滋病毒,年轻人和男性需要增加结核病查.
- 这些高风险群体可以指导南非未来的结核病查计划扩展.
- 该研究为结核病检测提供了关键的国家基线,并为有针对性的公共卫生战略提供了信息.
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