在农村低资源环境中为COVID-19疫苗提供财政激励:一个集群随机试验
Raymond Duch1, Edward Asiedu2, Ryota Nakamura3
1Nuffield College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. raymond.duch@nuffield.ox.ac.uk.
Nature medicine
|November 27, 2023
概括
财政激励措施显著增加了加纳农村地区的COVID-19疫苗接种率. 较低的现金激励 (20加纳塞迪斯) 证明比较高的激励 (60加纳塞迪斯) 更有效地提高了疫苗的意图和接种率.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 2019年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 疫苗接种率较低,对公共卫生构成重大挑战,特别是在农村地区.
- 了解财政激励对接种疫苗接种的影响对于设计有效的公共卫生干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 估计金融激励对加纳农村地区COVID-19疫苗接种的因果关系影响.
- 为了比较不同的现金激励水平对疫苗接种意图和实际接种的有效性.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项集群随机对照试验,涉及加纳六个农村地区的6963名居民.
- 参与者被分配到四个视频治疗手臂之一:安慰剂,标准健康信息,高现金激励 (60加纳雪迪) 或低现金激励 (20加纳雪迪).
- 结果包括COVID-19疫苗接种意图和自我报告/验证的疫苗接种状态在干预后两个月.
主要成果:
- 与安慰剂组 (71%) 相比,现金激励组显示出更高的疫苗接种意图 (81%).
- 在现金激励手臂中,经验证的COVID-19疫苗接种率比安慰剂手臂高6.3% (36.6%vs30.3%).
- 较低的现金激励 (20加纳塞迪斯) 对疫苗接种产生了更大的积极影响,而不是高的现金激励 (60加纳塞迪斯).
结论:
- 财政激励,特别是较低的金额,可以是一个有效的策略,以增加农村人口的COVID-19疫苗接种率.
- 行为经济学原则表明,激励设计在干预有效性方面发挥着关键作用.
- 对公共卫生干预的最佳激励结构进行进一步的研究是有必要的.
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