人工智能应该分配肝脏进行移植吗? 公共态度和伦理考虑
Max Drezga-Kleiminger1,2, Joanna Demaree-Cotton2, Julian Koplin3
1Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
BMC medical ethics
|November 28, 2023
概括
公众论支持使用人工智能 (AI) 来分配肝脏,大多数人认为这是可以接受的,不会阻止器官捐献. 人们对医疗保健的非人性化存在担忧,但人工智能
科学领域:
- 医学伦理 医学伦理
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 移植科学 移植科学
背景情况:
- 器官分配在伦理上是复杂的,特别是对于像肝脏这样的稀缺资源.
- 在肝脏分配中使用人工智能 (AI) 的伦理影响和公众的看法在很大程度上仍未被探索.
- 本研究调查了公众对人工智能在肝脏分配及其实施方面的态度.
研究的目的:
- 评估公众对人工智能在肝脏分配中的接受度.
- 了解公众对人工智能应如何在这个关键的医疗决策过程中实施的看法.
- 探索关于人工智能辅助器官分配的潜在伦理问题和期望.
主要方法:
- 介绍围绕人工智能在肝脏分配中的潜在伦理问题.
- 通过Prolific Academic招募的172名英国非专业参与者的试点调查分析.
- 检查公众对人工智能的作用和决策标准的反应.
主要成果:
- 大多数 (69.2%) 的人认为人工智能在肝脏分配中是可以接受的; 72.7%的人不会减少捐献器官的可能性.
- 参与者认为人工智能比人类更一致,更少有偏见,但担心非人化和失去细微的决策能力.
- 分配的关键因素包括紧急性,生存概率和生活质量;不相关因素包括过去/未来的犯罪和社会劣势.
结论:
- 公众支持表明,人工智能可以为肝脏分配提供民主合法性,并可能保护捐赠率.
- 解决公众对非人道化的担忧,并确保人工智能考虑关键细微差别对于成功实施至关重要.
- 结果提供了对非专业人士期望的见解,为人工智能在器官移植中的道德发展和部署提供了信息.
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