无症状SARS-CoV-2感染的传播风险:系统性审查和元分析
Ci Zhang1,2, Chao Zhou3, Wanqing Xu4
1Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Infectious medicine
|November 28, 2023
概括
无症状的SARS-CoV-2传播比症状或症状前传播低,但仍然存在风险,特别是在家庭内. 这一发现有助于预测COVID-19趋势,并为控制策略提供信息.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 综合全球关于无症状SARS-CoV-2传播的证据对于了解COVID-19动态至关重要.
- 无症状病例是病毒传播的重要,但往往被低估的组成部分.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析无症状SARS-CoV-2感染的传播率.
- 为了比较无症状,前症状和症状个体之间的传播风险.
主要方法:
- 在四个主要的电子数据库 (PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane,Web of Science) 进行了全面的搜索.
- 分析利用零膨胀的β分布对聚合的传播率和随机效应模型对风险比率,遵守PRISMA指南.
主要成果:
- 包括3917名密切接触者在内的15项研究显示,无症状传染率总计为1.79%,明显低于前症状 (5.02%) 和症状 (5.27%) 感染.
- 与非家庭环境 (1.03%) 相比,无症状病例的家庭传播明显高 (4.22%).
- 与其他国家 (2.22%) 相比,无症状传播率在中国 (1.82%) 较低.
结论:
- 无症状的SARS-CoV-2感染对密切接触者构成传播风险,特别是在家庭内.
- 无症状感染的总体传播潜力远低于症状或症状前感染的总体传播潜力.
- 研究结果支持改善流行病趋势预测和实施有针对性的疫苗接种和控制措施.
相关概念视频
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs
15.1K
A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
15.1K
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment
1.3K
Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
1.3K
Sexually Transmitted Infections
321
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
321
Leaky Scanning
5.1K
During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA. Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
5.1K
Infection
8.0K
When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
8.0K
Viral Recombination
23.5K
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
23.5K


