大猩猩和黑猩猩中CD4的适应传递了对猿类免疫缺陷病毒的耐药性
Cody J Warren1, Arturo Barbachano-Guerrero1, Vanessa L Bauer1
1BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|November 28, 2023
概括
猿类免疫缺陷病毒 (SIVs) 推动了猿类CD4受体的进化,增加了对病毒入侵的抵抗力. 大猩猩和黑猩猩的这种适应影响了SIV/HIV出现途径.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 灵长类动物学 灵长类动物学
背景情况:
- 类似免疫缺陷病毒 (SIV) 是非洲子特有的灵长类隐形病毒.
- 艾滋病毒-1起源于SIVs,其中一个关键的中间步骤是SIVs在人类传播之前感染大猿.
- 晶状病毒入口受体CD4在SIV/HIV的出现中起着关键作用.
研究的目的:
- 调查CD4进化的作用在SIV适应和伟大猿的出现.
- 了解猿人CD4受体如何对SIVs产生抗性.
- 探索在具有和没有特有SIV感染的猿种群中对CD4的选择性压力.
主要方法:
- 古人猿CD4变种的重建和功能测试.
- 从大猩猩种群中测序CD4基因以确定功能变异.
- 工程突变以评估CD4抵抗机制.
- 在不同类人猿物种中对CD4等位基因的种群遗传分析.
主要成果:
- 祖先的猿人CD4受体支持SIVs的进入,这些SIV跳跃到猿人.
- 现代黑猩猩和大猩猩的CD4受体与祖先形式相比,对SIVs的抵抗力增加.
- 特定的CD4替代赋予了对SIV入侵的抵抗力.
- 在大猩猩和黑猩猩中,有证据表明积极选择有利于SIV抗性CD4基因.
结论:
- SIV对猿类CD4受体施加了显著的选择性压力,推动了耐药性的演变.
- 猿类中这种CD4进化是SIV/HIV出现途径的关键因素.
- 了解CD4-SIV相互作用为lentiviral进化和跨物种传播提供了洞察力.
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