更新构造:在句子制作过程中先前和当前经验的添加效应
Malathi Thothathiri1,2, Natalia Levshina2
1Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, USA.
Cognitive linguistics
|November 28, 2023
概括
语言体验塑造了句子的产生. 终身培训和短期培训都会影响动词偏差,其影响在句子构造中是附加性的,而不是交互性的.
科学领域:
- 心理语言学 心理语言学
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 计算语言学 计算语言学
背景情况:
- 之前的语言经验,特别是终身动词偏见,会影响个人如何处理和制作句子.
- 最近的研究表明,即使是短期的,基于实验室的动词偏差培训也会影响语言处理.
- 了解新的语言体验如何与现有知识相互作用,对于语言获取和使用的模型至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查前 (终身) 和当前 (实验诱导) 动词偏差在指导句子制作中的相互作用.
- 要确定前期和当前动词偏差的影响是互动性的还是附加性的.
- 探索以项目为基础的类比和示例理论在适应句子制作新经验方面的作用.
主要方法:
- 参与者接受了一次训练,操纵了英语dative动词的偏差 (双对象与前置词对象构造).
- 之前的动词偏差是使用语料库数据量化,而当前偏差是实验控制.
- 贝叶斯混合效应物流模型分析了培训后参与者的自由选择句子生产 (DO vs. PO).
主要成果:
- 既有事先存在的动词偏见,又有实验操纵的偏见,都显著影响了参与者的建筑选择.
- 之前和当前偏差的影响是附加的,这意味着它们独立地对句子产生有所贡献,而不是相互作用.
- 与其他动词的语义相似性及其偏见也发挥了作用,支持模拟和以示例为基础的学习.
结论:
- 语言生产适应正在进行的经验,整合长期和短期的语言输入.
- 之前和当前动词偏差效应的附加性质挑战了一些基于错误的学习模型的预测.
- 这些发现支持了强调基于项目的类比和语言学习和适应中的示例表示的理论.
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