探索早期的语法概括:西班牙语"se"构造的增长曲线分析的证据
1Education, Communication and Language Services, Newcastle University, UK.
Journal of child language
|November 28, 2023
概括
儿童早期的语法学习表现出学习曲线,但这些可能源于符号频率,而不仅仅是动词类型. 这表明语言发展中出现了概括和语义原型.
科学领域:
- 心理语言学 心理语言学
- 儿童语言获取 儿童语言获取
- 发展语言学 发展语言学
背景情况:
- 儿童早期的语法构造,如主体-动词-对象 (SVO),显示学习曲线.
- 尼尼奥 (2006) 提出,这些曲线的连续回归建模意味着即时概括,对初始动词使用的语义影响最小.
研究的目的:
- 在两个孩子身上测试尼尼奥对西班牙语"se"构造 (SSCs) 的说法.
- 调查早期语法发展中的学习曲线的驱动因素.
主要方法:
- 对两名儿童 (Juan和Lucía) 获得西班牙语"se"构造 (SSC) 的纵向数据的分析.
- 检查累积动词类型 (CVT) 和令牌分布.
- 对动词频率和语义同质性的探索性分析.
主要成果:
- 尼尼奥关于学习曲线的发现被复制.
- 探索性分析显示,时间令牌分布,而不是累积动词类型,主要驱动学习曲线,这表明了基于检索的学习等机制.
- 哈帕克斯动词后来出现,表明出现的概括.
- 词汇频率显示了语义的一致性,表明了一个语义原型,可能受到生态因素的影响.
结论:
- 虽然早期语法学习的学习曲线可以连续建模,但它们可能反映出与生产力无关的机制,例如基于检索的学习.
- 在早期语言发展中的概括可能是突发的,而不是即时的.
- 早期动词使用的语义相似性可能是由原型和生态因素驱动的.
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