儿科脑瘤幸存者的高阶神经认知:我们可以从白质微观结构中学到什么?
Sandra Glazer1,2, Young Jin Kim1,3, Madison Fecher1
1Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Pediatric blood & cancer
|November 28, 2023
概括
儿童脑瘤幸存者表现出与白质差异相关的神经认知受损. 在关键路径中较高的扩散度与较差的处理速度和注意力相关.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
- 儿科瘤学 儿科瘤学
背景情况:
- 儿童脑瘤幸存者 (PBTS) 经常面临长期的神经认知缺陷,影响工作记忆和处理速度等技能.
- 这些赤字所涉及的特定白质 (WM) 途径仍然不完全理解.
- 这项研究研究了PBTS的前面的冠状辐射 (ACR),下面的前额-后额带 (IFOF) 和上方的纵向带 (SLF).
研究的目的:
- 通过扩散MRI指标评估的白质 (WM) 微观结构与儿科脑瘤幸存者的神经认知功能 (PBTS) 之间的关系.
- 为了比较PBTS和健康对照 (HC) 之间的WM微观结构和神经认知性能.
- 确定与PBTS中的处理速度和执行函数相关的特定WM路径.
主要方法:
- 招募了13名PBTS和10名健康对照 (HC),年龄在9-14岁之间.
- 进行了测量处理速度和执行功能的神经认知测试;收集了家长报告的执行技能.
- 获得的扩散加权MRI用于计算特定WM通道的分数异构性 (FA) 和平均扩散性 (MD) 值.
主要成果:
- 与HC相比,PBTS在处理速度,注意力分裂和转移方面表现明显差.
- PBTS在双边上方纵向囊 (SLF) 和前面冠状辐射 (ACR) 中显示出更高的平均扩散率 (MD),表明WM微观结构发生了变化.
- 较低的MD在较低的前后囊 (IFOF),SLF和ACR中与更好的处理速度,注意力划分和转移有关.
结论:
- 儿童脑瘤幸存者 (PBTS) 呈现与白质 (WM) 微观结构变化相关的神经认知障碍,特别是ACR,SLF和IFOF的扩散性更高.
- 平均扩散度 (MD) 是理解 PBTS 中 WM 变化的一个有价值的指标.
- 研究结果阐明了ACR,SLF和IFOF在PBTS神经认知结果中的功能作用.
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