在可能避免住院的老年人中,入院前的发病率和医疗利用率:一项丹麦病例控制研究
Christine K Schrøder1,2,3, Eskild B Kristiansen4,5, Lone Flarup6
1Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Olof Palmes Allé 43-45, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark. cks@clin.au.dk.
患有肺部,心脏或脏疾病等先前存在的疾病或经常与医疗保健接触的老年人面临着潜在的可避免住院治疗的更高风险. 早期识别这些风险因素可以帮助预防未来的入院.
科学领域:
- 老年医学 老年医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健利用研究研究 医疗保健利用研究
背景情况:
- 潜在可避免的住院治疗 (PAHs) 对医疗保健系统和患者福祉构成重大负担.
- 了解入院前的因素对于制定老年人有针对性的预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查老年人的入院前诊断,药物使用和医疗保健利用情况,在他们首次潜在的可避免住院之前.
主要方法:
- 在丹麦 (1995-2019) 进行了一项基于全国人口的病例控制研究.
- 包括725,939名年长的成年人 (≥65岁) 首次患有PAH (病例) 和匹配的对照.
- 使用丹麦医疗保健数据评估了入院前的发病率 (10年前) 和医疗保健接触/药物使用 (1年前).
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,病例的入院前发病率负担更高.
- 对PAHs最强烈的关联包括慢性肺病 (PR 3.8),与酒精有关的疾病 (PR 3.1) 和慢性病 (PR 2.4).
- 增加的医疗保健接触,特别是前一个月超过5次全科医生访问 (PR 3.0),与PAH相关.
结论:
- 显著的入院前发病率,药物使用和高医疗利用率与老年人潜在的可避免住院病例密切相关.
- 慢性肺,心脏和脏疾病,与酒精有关的或精神疾病以及以前的感染是关键的危险因素.
- 这些发现强调了积极管理慢性疾病和获得医疗保健的重要性,以减少PAH的发生率.
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